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Dukket
Apr 28, 2007
So I says to her, I says “LADY, that ain't OIL, its DIRT!!”

Dukket posted:

Hello Military History thread! Does any one have suggestions of books on Italy's various campaigns during WWII?

Bumping this from the last page. I'm just generally interested in their offensive campaigns (as opposed to allied the invasion of Italy)

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HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME

gradenko_2000 posted:

You're assuming that the French looked at those heights and went "yup, the Vietnamese will be able to haul guns over there"

Which they didn't, hence the loss.
If Francis I's dudes can haul their heavy guns by hand up the goddamn Alps before Marignano, then the Viet Minh can haul a bunch of much smaller pieces up those little hills.

HEY GUNS fucked around with this message at 03:13 on Dec 24, 2013

Godholio
Aug 28, 2002

Does a bear split in the woods near Zheleznogorsk?

a travelling HEGEL posted:

Northern Italy, early 1500s, when they start getting short, mathy, and filled with dirt. I think Siena's the first.

It was a gradual movement of features being introduced as fortifications were introduced. IIRC Siena was one of the first to have the combination of the major features...and is also famous for going completely bankrupt by a massive spending spree to update basically every fortification in the city-state. Gonzaga did a much better job, focusing on Mantua and Casale, and survived Charles V's rampage toward Rome.

Fake edit: Just double checked, and Siena tried to super-fortify SEVENTEEN cities.

Arquinsiel
Jun 1, 2006

"There is no such thing as society. There are individual men and women, and there are families. And no government can do anything except through people, and people must look to themselves first."

God Bless Margaret Thatcher
God Bless England
RIP My Iron Lady

a travelling HEGEL posted:

Northern Italy, early 1500s, when they start getting short, mathy, and filled with dirt. I think Siena's the first.
I totally did not notice Siena's modern fortifications at all. There were loads of bits of old D&D "city wall" style buildings that people had ignored and built around, over and in, but I didn't spot any sort of star-fort stuff.

I was travelling with an Ancient and Midieval History student at the time too.... :psyduck:

hump day bitches!
Apr 3, 2011


I've been in a napoleonic phase , and in conclusion:
Napoleon was cool
The imperial guard was cool
The french had some catchy tunes to hype themselves so they could murder people
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y90yWxwZ_wA
This one is much better
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75RUPdkyqp0

the Battle of waterloo movie has some hilariously bad moments like when Napoleon finds out about the forced retreat of the guard , and many awesome ones ,like the guard moving forward.


I wonder if in a few centuries people will listen to let the bodies hit the floor in the same way.

hump day bitches! fucked around with this message at 08:03 on Dec 24, 2013

Slavvy
Dec 11, 2012

Was Napoleon as much of a tactical genius as popular culture leads me to believe? I don't know much about him at all, aside from him getting closer to Moscow than Hitler did before turning around and loving off home.

Raskolnikov38
Mar 3, 2007

We were somewhere around Manila when the drugs began to take hold

Slavvy posted:

I don't know much about him at all, aside from him getting closer to Moscow than Hitler did before turning around and loving off home.

Napoleon actually captured Moscow and discovered much as Hitler would have that holding Moscow is not the end all of a war in Russia. Also it was less turning around and loving off then "welp my army froze/starved/fought to death, time to bail."

Teriyaki Hairpiece
Dec 29, 2006

I'm nae the voice o' the darkened thistle, but th' darkened thistle cannae bear the sight o' our Bonnie Prince Bernie nae mair.

Slavvy posted:

Was Napoleon as much of a tactical genius as popular culture leads me to believe? I don't know much about him at all, aside from him getting closer to Moscow than Hitler did before turning around and loving off home.
He was more of a strategic genius than a tactical genius.

HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME

Arquinsiel posted:

I totally did not notice Siena's modern fortifications at all. There were loads of bits of old D&D "city wall" style buildings that people had ignored and built around, over and in, but I didn't spot any sort of star-fort stuff.

I was travelling with an Ancient and Midieval History student at the time too.... :psyduck:
It wouldn't look like a star yet, but there are straight-edged bastions and everything is getting shorter and thicker.

Behold the wave of the future.

Godholio posted:

IIRC Siena was one of the first to have the combination of the major features...and is also famous for going completely bankrupt by a massive spending spree to update basically every fortification in the city-state....

Fake edit: Just double checked, and Siena tried to super-fortify SEVENTEEN cities.
Massive military overspending ruining our lives? Well I never! :holymoley:

But yeah, turns out I was wrong on the chronology and there's a bunch of stuff before Siena, which just put everything together. Thanks.

Edit: I'm looking for really early examples of modern fortifications on the Internet, and found some good pictures:

Here's the so-called Forta Michelangelo in Civitavecchia. Commissioned by Julius II, finished in 1535 (by which time it's already out of date), this thing is round as hell--but look at its low, squat height and the great thickness of its walls. It's a brick...house.




This is a fortification overlooking the town of Sarzana. This one's super famous because, like Forta Michelangelo, it's clearly transitional. But look at the angle of the bottom part of the wall, the batter. Things are starting to happen...
http://goitaly.about.com/od/castlesinitaly/ig/Sarzanello-Castle-Pictures/




And look at this. It's a bastion! And it's triangular!


Here's an article on it.
http://www.fsgfort.com/uploads/pdfs/Public/Harris%20F37%20Pb.pdf

Edit 2: Given the complexity of this development, it's inaccurate to say that there is a single instant when fortifications stopped being medieval and became modern. But if you want one, like if you want to date modern fortifications down to the day, it's:

quote:

[during] the defense of Pisa in 1500 against a combined Florentine and French army. With the original medieval fortifications beginning to crumble to French cannon fire, the Pisans constructed an earthen rampart behind the threatened sector. It was discovered that the sloping earthen rampart could be defended against escalade and was also much more resistant to cannon fire than the curtain wall it had replaced.

Although, as early as 1410 the military theorist Christine de Pisan (and I guess she's famous for other reasons too or something? :rolleyes:) was writing about how you should make the walls lower/thicker and put cannon on top of them. I think she invented this idea, actually.

HEY GUNS fucked around with this message at 14:04 on Dec 24, 2013

SeanBeansShako
Nov 20, 2009

Now the Drums beat up again,
For all true Soldier Gentlemen.

cheerfullydrab posted:

He was more of a strategic genius than a tactical genius.

He was pretty awesome, having an army of pretty good generals and the most experienced soldiers (up until 1812) helped a lot for him too.

The Napoleonic Wars are pretty rad, my favourite military era in the scheme of things. Crazy violent parade battlefields a huge diverse list of players on both sides (My favourite: The Russian General called Barclay De Tolly! that name goddamn!) and of course the insane numbers used in the fighting.

HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME

SeanBeansShako posted:

He was pretty awesome, having an army of pretty good generals and the most experienced soldiers (up until 1812) helped a lot for him too.

The Napoleonic Wars are pretty rad, my favourite military era in the scheme of things. Crazy violent parade battlefields a huge diverse list of players on both sides (My favourite: The Russian General called Barclay De Tolly! that name goddamn!) and of course the insane numbers used in the fighting.
Read Swords Around A Throne while listening to suitably exuberant music, and you'll feel jazzed about life for at least a week.

HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME
Good lord, I just caught myself trying to trace the lines of enfilading fire from the sides of a Christmas star I was looking at. I need to get out of this building and walk around in the fresh air and sunlight.

Merry Christmas, all.

Fangz
Jul 5, 2007

Oh I see! This must be the Bad Opinion Zone!

a travelling HEGEL posted:

Good lord, I just caught myself trying to trace the lines of enfilading fire from the sides of a Christmas star I was looking at. I need to get out of this building and walk around in the fresh air and sunlight.

Merry Christmas, all.

A Christmas star will never be effective given that Santa and his reindeer corps enjoy air superiority, and have unparalleled bombardment and paratroop airdrop capabilities. The nation's defences have fallen woefully behind the times.

Merry Christmas.

Rodya Raskolnikov
Jun 18, 2009
Was there ever any possibility of Napoleon being integrated into the overall scheme of European politics or was he and Imperial France always an outsider/threat that other countries were actively trying to destroy or recovering for their next opportunity to destroy?

steinrokkan
Apr 2, 2011



Soiled Meat
He was quite successful in inspiring / supporting allied regimes in Central Europe. He also managed to pull off some international political projects such as the civic code, and I think at one point he had a good enough shot at maintaining a fragile status quo with Alexander. So perhaps had he not wasted lots of resources on pet projects and propping up personal acquaintaces in Southern Europe, I guess his position could have been much more tenable in the long term perspective.

SeanBeansShako
Nov 20, 2009

Now the Drums beat up again,
For all true Soldier Gentlemen.
It is interesting how is Nephew more or less tried to follow in his foot steps with both diplomacy and war too (It didn't work out as good though, he needed somebody like this guy).

DasReich
Mar 5, 2010

Rodya Raskolnikov posted:

Was there ever any possibility of Napoleon being integrated into the overall scheme of European politics or was he and Imperial France always an outsider/threat that other countries were actively trying to destroy or recovering for their next opportunity to destroy?

The way I understand it, Britain's foreign policy has always revolved around playing the Continental powers off against each other. Napoleonic France was the strongest power on the continent, so England throws in against.

SeanBeansShako
Nov 20, 2009

Now the Drums beat up again,
For all true Soldier Gentlemen.
Also gently caress yeah, Alan Turing finally got his pardon. A bit late for his family though :smith:.

DasReich posted:

The way I understand it, Britain's foreign policy has always revolved around playing the Continental powers off against each other. Napoleonic France was the strongest power on the continent, so England throws in against.


As long as the British were around, the Napoleonic French were never going to see a true peace.

SeanBeansShako fucked around with this message at 16:09 on Dec 24, 2013

gipskrampf
Oct 31, 2010
Nap Ghost

WWI soldier posted:

At present we are cooking our Christmas Dinner! so will finish this letter later. Dinner is over! and well we enjoyed it. Our dinner party started off with fried bacon and dip-bread: followed by hot Xmas Pudding. I had a mascot in my piece. Next item on the menu was muscatels and almonds, oranges, bananas, chocolate etc followed by cocoa and smokes. You can guess we thought of the dinners at home. Just before dinner I had the pleasure of shaking hands with several Germans: a party of them came 1/2way over to us so several of us went out to them. I exchanged one of my balaclavas for a hat. I've also got a button off one of their tunics. We also exchanged smokes etc. and had a decent chat. They say they won't fire tomorrow if we don't so I suppose we shall get a bit of a holiday - perhaps. After exchanging autographs and them wishing us a Happy New Year we departed and came back and had our dinner. We can hardly believe that we've been firing at them for the last week or two - it all seems so strange.

:3:

More WWI Christmas letters here: http://www.christmastruce.co.uk/letters.html Merry Christmas!

Koramei
Nov 11, 2011

I have three regrets
The first is to be born in Joseon.

a travelling HEGEL posted:

But if you want one, like if you want to date modern fortifications down to the day, it's:

quote:

1500 loving even

Well that's convenient.


And Merry Christmas Eve everybody!



99 years ago now. That really weirds me out.

Shimrra Jamaane
Aug 10, 2007

Obscure to all except those well-versed in Yuuzhan Vong lore.
Exchanged autographs? "Hey honey, you wont belive what I got today, a Hitler rookie card!"

Nenonen
Oct 22, 2009

Mulla on aina kolkyt donaa taskussa

Merry Christmas to all war nerds! :)

steinrokkan
Apr 2, 2011



Soiled Meat
The 1914 Christmas story always bums me out - for a day, there was a bright spot of hope, then it all went to poo poo. :smith:

HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME

Fangz posted:

A Christmas star will never be effective given that Santa and his reindeer corps enjoy air superiority, and have unparalleled bombardment and paratroop airdrop capabilities. The nation's defences have fallen woefully behind the times.

Merry Christmas.
I heard his intelligence services are pretty great, too.

Fangz
Jul 5, 2007

Oh I see! This must be the Bad Opinion Zone!
Who would win, Santa or an army of Napoleonic Mongols, led by Gay Black Hitler, with a company of Tank Destroyers in support?

Agean90
Jun 28, 2008


Depends, is Santa in a castle or a fort? This is important!

Don Gato
Apr 28, 2013

Actually a bipedal cat.
Grimey Drawer
So I went to the Met yesterday, and they have a massive exhibit on arms and armor from around the world, and as an early Christmas present I'm going to try to post pictures from my visit. Problem is, there are over 300 pictures all told because I took photos of everything there, and I have no idea how I can share an album that big. Should I just put the best of them in an album on Imgur or something?

gradenko_2000
Oct 5, 2010

HELL SERPENT
Lipstick Apathy


My sister just gave me this :allears: I've never been so excited for a gift!

Merry Christmas MilHist thread!

steinrokkan
Apr 2, 2011



Soiled Meat

Fangz posted:

Who would win, Santa or an army of Napoleonic Mongols, led by Gay Black Hitler, with a company of Tank Destroyers in support?

That's a question for which we may never find an answer.

What we do know, however, is whether Gay Stalin & Gay Superman would defeat Supersayan Hitler.

http://storyprovider.blogspot.cz/2012/06/supperman-and-stalin-love-story.html

Now also in audio form: http://thefpl.us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=88:episode-55-the-ship-vas-crash-like-boom&catid=1:podcasts

SlothfulCobra
Mar 27, 2011

How often does that happen where soldiers just stop fighting and party for a while? I know about the Christmas truce, and I know that it happened some during the Spanish Civil War, but is there anything else?

HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME

Arquinsiel posted:

I totally did not notice Siena's modern fortifications at all. There were loads of bits of old D&D "city wall" style buildings that people had ignored and built around, over and in, but I didn't spot any sort of star-fort stuff.

I was travelling with an Ancient and Midieval History student at the time too.... :psyduck:
The Early Modern is understudied. Despite the part where in many universities we're lumped in with the medievalists in "Medieval And Early Modern Study Groups" or whatever (since there are almost never enough of us to justify our own groups or clusters), there's a good chance s/he's never heard about any of this. And s/he'd almost certainly never have been required to study this period for exams or anything.

For instance, I took a paleography class last year, which stopped in the 1500s. There are no early modern paleography textbooks. I read medieval/late medieval textbooks and practiced on my own. In my university, the last...two? years' worth of entering first-years contained a grand total of one early modernist, a British dude who wanted to study Machiavelli and Renaissance Italian intellectual history.

And this is after the early Enlightenment became a trendy topic.

HEY GUNS fucked around with this message at 17:43 on Dec 24, 2013

Teriyaki Hairpiece
Dec 29, 2006

I'm nae the voice o' the darkened thistle, but th' darkened thistle cannae bear the sight o' our Bonnie Prince Bernie nae mair.
Don't forget all the adorable cooperation there was between the two opposing sides on the other Christmases of WWI, by which I mean the high command on both sides ordering lots of artillery barrages on Christmas/Christmas Eve to avoid a repeat of 1914.

Shimrra Jamaane
Aug 10, 2007

Obscure to all except those well-versed in Yuuzhan Vong lore.

SlothfulCobra posted:

How often does that happen where soldiers just stop fighting and party for a while? I know about the Christmas truce, and I know that it happened some during the Spanish Civil War, but is there anything else?

During the phoney war the French and German troops allowed the other side to relax and play soccer in open fields without fear of being attacked and things like that. The same thing happened to a far more limited extent during the the pre-Battle of the Bulge western front in late 1944.

Chamale
Jul 11, 2010

I'm helping!



SlothfulCobra posted:

How often does that happen where soldiers just stop fighting and party for a while? I know about the Christmas truce, and I know that it happened some during the Spanish Civil War, but is there anything else?

It was known to happen during the American Civil War, especially early on in the war.

Arquinsiel
Jun 1, 2006

"There is no such thing as society. There are individual men and women, and there are families. And no government can do anything except through people, and people must look to themselves first."

God Bless Margaret Thatcher
God Bless England
RIP My Iron Lady
^^^^
At the lowest levels WWI on the western front was actually a reasonably civilised affair outside of actual offensives. There are quite a few diaries and the like that describe how people would deliberately land mortar shells all around but never in a trench, with the understanding that the shells coming back would do the same. I wish I could find the article on it at the moment, but I've seen claims of joint hunting parties going after deer in no-man's land and sharing the meat afterwards.

a travelling HEGEL posted:

The Early Modern is understudied. Despite the part where in many universities we're lumped in with the medievalists in "Medieval And Early Modern Study Groups" or whatever (since there are almost never enough of us to justify our own groups or clusters), there's a good chance s/he's never heard about any of this. And s/he'd almost certainly never have been required to study this period for exams or anything.

For instance, I took a paleography class last year, which stopped in the 1500s. There are no early modern paleography textbooks. I read medieval/late medieval textbooks and practiced on my own. In my university, the last...two? years' worth of entering first-years contained a grand total of one early modernist, a British dude who wanted to study Machiavelli and Renaissance Italian intellectual history.

And this is after the early Enlightenment became a trendy topic.
It was her idea to go to Siena in the first place. Given that I later became interested in history myself I suspect she wasn't so much actually interested in it specifically so much as the idea of getting a "useless" arts degree appealed to her proto-hipster sensibilities (she was literally a hipster before everyone else was doing it....).

HEY GUNS
Oct 11, 2012

FOPTIMUS PRIME

Arquinsiel posted:

It was her idea to go to Siena in the first place. Given that I later became interested in history myself I suspect she wasn't so much actually interested in it specifically so much as the idea of getting a "useless" arts degree appealed to her proto-hipster sensibilities (she was literally a hipster before everyone else was doing it....).
Oh dear.

In the first place, this isn't useless at all, and in the second place, would she then be like the...ultrahipster?

Bacarruda
Mar 30, 2011

Mutiny!?! More like "reinterpreted orders"

a travelling HEGEL posted:

Oh dear.

In the first place, this isn't useless at all, and in the second place, would she then be like the...ultrahipster?

The ur-hipster.

Dukket posted:

Bumping this from the last page. I'm just generally interested in their offensive campaigns (as opposed to allied the invasion of Italy)

From the last thread.

Bacarruda posted:

The Italians have the rare distinction of having fought on both sides of the war. First for the Axis Power, then joining the Allied side as a "co-belligerent." Prior to the outbreak of war, Italy had embarked on a series of colonial adventures, the most notable being their invasion of Ethiopia in 1935. The invasion of Ethiopia and the international community's inability to stop it also seriously undermined the League of Nation's already damaged credibility, and is a commonly cited reason for why the League fell apart shortly afterwards.

Mussolini's entrance into World War II is largely the product of opportunism and Mussolini's ego. When Germany invaded France in 1940, Mussolini realized failing to join the war allow Hitler and Nazi Germany to quickly overshadow Mussolini and fascist Italy. Recall that Mussolini was for all intents the first major fascist leader in Europe and he was not eager to have Hitler's reputation surpass his. As Mussolini revealingly commented, "I only need a few thousand dead so that I can sit at the peace conference as a man who has fought." So Italy went off to war with France, fought a stalemate in a few minor skirmishes then made peace when France surrendered.

The Regia Aeronautica clashed briefly with the RAF during the Battle of Britain, but nothing particularly noteworthy happened. The real show was in Africa and the East. Eager to expand its colonial possessions in Africa (Libya, etc.), Italy struck out for Egypt, hoping to seize the strategically-important Suez canal. Italian troops manage to cross into Egypt, then get expelled by British counterattacks in Operation Compass in late 1940-early 1941. In response, Hitler sends the Afrika Korps under Rommel to haul the Italians cehstnuts out of the fire. The rest, as they say is history. You also have a series of minor fights near modern-day Somalia between the Italians and the British.

The Italians also are involved in the Balkan campaigns, though their initial invasions were mixed successes (the badly equipped Greek army repeatedly beat the Italians). Once again, the Germans intervene, playing major roles in the invasion of Greece. Italy leaves some garrison troops in the Balkans, but their commitments in the east are pretty limited. The troops their are mostly a token of fascist cooperation rather than a really meaningful fighting force.

Italian troops oppose the Allied landings in Sicily and mainland Italy and the ensuing campaign up into Italy. Once again, German troops outfight their Italian counterparts, but the Italians do put up decent resistance in places. All this time, you have anti-fascist bands of partisans springing up in Italy. In late 1943, Italy throws in the towel, Mussolini is deposed and much of the country switches sides, joining the Allies as co-belligerents. Some Italians still support the fascists, so the result is a civil war between the fascist government in the north (a Nazi puppet, really) and the Allied-aligned government in Rome. The Italians in the co-belligerent army actually fight fairly well, but their performance isn't spectacular

One thing the Italians did really, really well was naval sabotage operations. The elite Decima Mas unit of the Italian Navy conducted several daring raids during the war. Four guys with human torpedoes (unlike Japanese kaitens, these were not suicide craft, but were submersibles akin to British "chariot" sneaked into Alexandria in 1941 and badly damaged the battleships HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Valiant. Another unit of frogmen operated right under the British's noses from a disguised freighter off Gibraltar, sinking tens of thousands of tons of merchant shipping there.

Italy in WWII in a very small nutshell there.

Rodrigo Diaz
Apr 16, 2007

Knights who are at the wars eat their bread in sorrow;
their ease is weariness and sweat;
they have one good day after many bad

Bacarruda posted:

The ur-hipster.


From the last thread.

Some of these guys were Sicilians, and there's a kind-of memorial in Taormina to one of them which is in a beautiful park that is weirdly (thankfully) free of tourists.

Here's the pictures I took:






and if anyone wants to struggle through the bad translation to english or german:



There was also this monument to the Taorminese who had died in the two world wars:

Rodrigo Diaz fucked around with this message at 21:11 on Dec 24, 2013

Davincie
Jul 7, 2008

SlothfulCobra posted:

How often does that happen where soldiers just stop fighting and party for a while? I know about the Christmas truce, and I know that it happened some during the Spanish Civil War, but is there anything else?

I don't know how much this actually happened, but every Korean film I've seen dealing with the Korean War seems to portray this so I'm assuming there is some historical basis behind it. It makes sense too considering a lot of people there hadn't been divided between the countries for that long.

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BurningStone
Jun 3, 2011

SlothfulCobra posted:

How often does that happen where soldiers just stop fighting and party for a while? I know about the Christmas truce, and I know that it happened some during the Spanish Civil War, but is there anything else?

It seems surprisingly common. Even more common seem to be wink-wink nudge-nudge arrangements between soldiers where they fake fight. I worked with a guy from Taiwan, who had served in their military while they were officially, but not really, at war with China. He said the Chinese would shell them at the exact same time every afternoon. It was something like at 2:55 they would go into the cave that served as a bunker and at 3:15 they'd come back out.

He did have a friend killed by an unexpected shelling, however (he heard it coming and hit the ground and his buddy... didn't). So it wasn't always predictable.

In his memoirs, US Grant told a story of going for a ride to inspect his lines when he took over command at Chattanooga. Or, at least, what he thought were his lines, because he rode right up to a Confederate soldier. Grant writes that they chatted politely, then he just rode on.

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