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Patrick Spens
Jul 21, 2006

"Every quarterback says they've got guts, But how many have actually seen 'em?"
Pillbug

Tesseraction posted:

Hopefully one where one can discuss geopolitics in a more holistic way than the other threads which are more localised. Frankly I hadn't thought about it until I saw how quickly this thread burst into flames.

That could be interesting, I'm just not sure D&D can discuss more abstract issues without it turning into a shouting match.

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Giggle Goose
Oct 18, 2009

Brainiac Five posted:

I'm not going to answer that question because I'm afraid I don't trust you not to turn this into a giant gotcha and I really don't want to have to look at such a thing on such a beautiful evening.


No. Can I start assuming you believe stupid things too or is that a privilege reserved for cheerleaders of capitalism?

People are asking you these questions because it would allow us to form a better baseline for discussion. I do not understand why you are being so hostile.

Tacky-Ass Rococco
Sep 7, 2010

by R. Guyovich
Brainiac 5, turn in your flight ring, you're suspended from the LSH.

Tesseraction
Apr 5, 2009

Patrick Spens posted:

That could be interesting, I'm just not sure D&D can discuss more abstract issues without it turning into a shouting match.

Yeah, that's why I've not been able to come up with a successful way to bring such a thread into existence. Was kinda hopeful for this one...

Fojar38
Sep 2, 2011


Sorry I meant to say I hope that the police use maximum force and kill or maim a bunch of innocent people, thus paving a way for a proletarian uprising and socialist utopia


also here's a stupid take
---------------------------->

Giggle Goose posted:

People are asking you these questions because it would allow us to form a better baseline for discussion. I do not understand why you are being so hostile.

He is being hostile because he is arguing in bad faith. Case in point:

Brainiac Five posted:

I'm just a guy, is the thing. I'm not the avatar of the left. So I don't have to be diplomatic to you cockroaches and locusts.

JeffersonClay
Jun 17, 2003

by R. Guyovich

Brainiac Five posted:

Okay, so do it as an SOE where you can use savings from the whole nation.

1) Some nations don't have the institutional or political capacity to do that. (Institutional capacity is part of comparative advantage)
2) Many national governments are so corrupt that the SOE would never fully capitalize, or be bled dry once it was built. (See PDVSA)
3) Not every factory built turns a profit. Not every investment is a good one. In this case, destroying some first world investment capital is a lot less serious than destroying the accumulated savings of an entire nation.
4) If a nation is very poor, with very few people living above the subsistence level, the price of capital might be increasing at a greater rate than the country accumulates savings, and so they'll never afford the factory on their own.
5) Poor countries often have crises, both natural and economic, which can easily wipe out all their savings.

quote:

Anyways, you're backing off from your more idiotic statements, so I'll take this as an admission you were wrong without actually having to own up to it. This is also a simultaneous admission of cowardice you are making, but whatever.

Quote my post that suggested savings cannot accrue and represent capital.

If it were possible for every poor country to have afforded to pay for every project that was financed with foreign capital, had they just formed a SOE and nationalized everybody's savings, why didn't they?

Brainiac Five posted:

I'm not going to answer that question because I'm afraid

R. Guyovich
Dec 25, 1991

Tesseraction posted:

Yeah, that's why I've not been able to come up with a successful way to bring such a thread into existence. Was kinda hopeful for this one...

Despite some impressive derails, I think there's been some all right discussion. I knew drive-bys would happen.

Tesseraction
Apr 5, 2009

Homework Explainer posted:

Despite some impressive derails, I think there's been some all right discussion. I knew drive-bys would happen.

Being fair this thread has interesting discussions, it's just not quite the holistic one I was thinking of. Doesn't mean it isn't a thread I'm still reading!

radmonger
Jun 6, 2011

Brainiac Five posted:

Overthrowing imperialism is inherently worthwhile, regardless of socialism or communism.

Agreed, I think you may be starting to get it. Now repeat after me: "imperialism, as defined by Lenin, is at best a secondary consideration In the post-1970 world order, Most remaining practitioners are regional/second-tier powers like France and Russia. One factor stoping them doing more than they do is US hegemony.'

Typo
Aug 19, 2009

Chernigov Military Aviation Lyceum
The Fighting Slowpokes

Brainiac Five posted:

In actual practice, however, outside of Economics 101, the argument has been that comparative advantages are static, and this has been put forth by economists, most notoriously by the IMF. South Korea also did most of its economic development before trade liberalization, and indeed the vast majority of countries that developed at least moderately successfully did so before trade liberalization.
So while you may have had a humanitarian econ teacher back in high school some forty years ago, the actual practice differs. Sorry.


Actually South Korea since the 1960s has had an export led economic model under Park-Chung Hee. The part they didn't liberalize was their own tariffs walls until I think the 1980s, it's fine to do this in a developing economy because infant industries should be protected from foreign competition on the short term. I don't think comparative advantage has being static since the late 18th century as well, and the views of economists have shifted with the times. However, given that those advantages take time to change and develop: often over the course of one or two generations, and economic policy much recognize what kind of comparative advantages a country currently possess and use it to their advantage.

quote:

The exceptions are countries that relied on ignoring IP and industrial espionage to piggyback on economic development. China is doing both, funnily enough.
China is the largest exporter in the world or something and it's economic boom started right exactly at the point when it opened the country up, long before IP regime lawsuits were a Sino-American issue.

asdf32
May 15, 2010

I lust for childrens' deaths. Ask me about how I don't care if my kids die.

Fojar38 posted:

Explain to me how the Chinese proletariat controls the means of production.

Because dummy in china you can't own land you get a 100 year least or wahtever instead. Legal technicalities trump practicality when making these distinctions.

Brainiac Five posted:

The theory of comparative advantage directly argues that you shouldn't attempt to develop your economy, fucko. You should probably learn to be more precise.

No it doesn't. It describes how two parties even if grossly unbalanced in terms of wealth or productivity can both profit from trade. What a country might do with that additional profit is up to them.

Homework Explainer posted:

Do you honestly believe that with a countryside blighted by a war of extermination, its wartime alliances rapidly deteriorating after a display of overwhelming atomic force from one of them and 20 million dead citizens meant the Soviet Union was "assured" of survival? I didn't think that would be the controversial part of the post.

This is a really concrete and relevant historical reality that I think we should clarify.

The soviets had just beaten back the Nazi's and were a top 2 world power. Yes without a doubt I think soviet 'survival' (defined as survival and not implying a right to be a world power) was completely and 100% assured. They weren't even close to threatened by unprovoked western/allied action.

Like if a full scale war broke out in the 40's I'd call it for the allies but that wasn't ever close to happening and anyway, clinging to poland or whatever didn't really alter that equation (other than making an unprovoked war somewhat more likely because controlling poland was provocative).


This feels exactly like the contradictory nationalist crap you constantly see. "America is great (but its biggest threat are lone muslim terrorists with AKs)!" I'm reasonably certain that under a different context you'd be telling me how powerful the soviets were. But here you're trying to sell that they were on the verge of defeat and desperately needed any neighboring country they could cling to for survival.

rudatron
May 31, 2011

by Fluffdaddy
Let me put it this way: even if you support self-determination a priori (I don't), it's not enough to simply point to a case of resisting imperialism and declare "this is good", because if the side you're supporting is systemically structured in such a way that it won't respect other's self-determination, or at the very least, is more likely to than the aggressor, then you're not opposing imperialism in-itself, you're simply planting the seeds of a new imperialism. This is what I mean when I talked about 'end-state', if you don't know what your end-state is, and if your own actions are actually moving towards that end-state, you can't make a judgement of support, any support, limited or otherwise.

Brainiac Five posted:

Overthrowing imperialism is inherently worthwhile, regardless of socialism or communism. If you sincerely believe that the imperial dominion of other countries is something that should only be opposed where it advances socialism, you're at best terrible at socialism and more likely a left-fascist.
Left-fascism is a contradiction in terms.

Typo
Aug 19, 2009

Chernigov Military Aviation Lyceum
The Fighting Slowpokes
I'm just going to write a few points on why I think American unipolarity is a good thing

1) Unipolarity of almost any power is stabilizing, because the hegemon has an inherit interest in stability (heh). The world today is the most peaceful it has ever being for mellenias even if the media greatly amplifies any acts of violence anywhere. It is a far improvement over the cold war with its bloody us-soviet proxy wars, or the wars of the world preceding it. Today the US is vital to prevent large inter-state wars from breaking out in East Asia, former Soviet Union and other areas. China's expansionist tendencies would certainly be much more aggressive towards the Philippines and Vietnam if the US pulls out of the region, same can be said of Russia w.r.t Estonia or Ukraine in the FSU

2) American liberal international order, and global capitalism, for all its flaws, has being one of the greatest up-lifters of the poorest human being from absolute poverty in the last century. Most countries who participated in it saw huge rise in living standard of citizens.

3) A bipolar world like the one we had 1945-1989 would almost certainly involve two sides pointing thousands of nukes at each other, meaning the world is permanently a few button's push away from nuclear holocuast, a multipolar world would probably end up with multiple powers aiming nukes at each other: like India and Pakistan does today. The end of American hegemony and security guarantees gives many, many countries quick incentives to acquire nuclear weapons against their neighbors.

4) The United States is unique in having a domestic politics much more responsive to political opinions of its citizens than Russia or China, the likely replacements for American hegemon. The American population tends to lean isolationist in the majority of cases, the US is thus much more restrained than most other powers.

Feel free to disagree

gobbagool
Feb 5, 2016

by R. Guyovich
Doctor Rope

Typo posted:

I'm just going to write a few points on why I think American unipolarity is a good thing

1) Unipolarity of almost any power is stabilizing, because the hegemon has an inherit interest in stability (heh). The world today is the most peaceful it has ever being for mellenias even if the media greatly amplifies any acts of violence anywhere. It is a far improvement over the cold war with its bloody us-soviet proxy wars, or the wars of the world preceding it. Today the US is vital to prevent large inter-state wars from breaking out in East Asia, former Soviet Union and other areas. China's expansionist tendencies would certainly be much more aggressive towards the Philippines and Vietnam if the US pulls out of the region, same can be said of Russia w.r.t Estonia or Ukraine in the FSU

2) American liberal international order, and global capitalism, for all its flaws, has being one of the greatest up-lifters of the poorest human being from absolute poverty in the last century. Most countries who participated in it saw huge rise in living standard of citizens.

3) A bipolar world like the one we had 1945-1989 would almost certainly involve two sides pointing thousands of nukes at each other, meaning the world is permanently a few button's push away from nuclear holocuast, a multipolar world would probably end up with multiple powers aiming nukes at each other: like India and Pakistan does today. The end of American hegemony and security guarantees gives many, many countries quick incentives to acquire nuclear weapons against their neighbors.

4) The United States is unique in having a domestic politics much more responsive to political opinions of its citizens than Russia or China, the likely replacements for American hegemon. The American population tends to lean isolationist in the majority of cases, the US is thus much more restrained than most other powers.

Feel free to disagree

Well I, for one, agree with everything you say above, but because I can't chant them at speakers I disagree with, or easily encapsulate it on a red and black tshirt so everybody knows how edgy I am, I'm afraid I can't subscribe to your philosophy

(USER WAS PUT ON PROBATION FOR THIS POST)

FBH991
Nov 26, 2010

Typo posted:

I'm just going to write a few points on why I think American unipolarity is a good thing

1) Unipolarity of almost any power is stabilizing, because the hegemon has an inherit interest in stability (heh). The world today is the most peaceful it has ever being for mellenias even if the media greatly amplifies any acts of violence anywhere. It is a far improvement over the cold war with its bloody us-soviet proxy wars, or the wars of the world preceding it. Today the US is vital to prevent large inter-state wars from breaking out in East Asia, former Soviet Union and other areas. China's expansionist tendencies would certainly be much more aggressive towards the Philippines and Vietnam if the US pulls out of the region, same can be said of Russia w.r.t Estonia or Ukraine in the FSU

2) American liberal international order, and global capitalism, for all its flaws, has being one of the greatest up-lifters of the poorest human being from absolute poverty in the last century. Most countries who participated in it saw huge rise in living standard of citizens.

3) A bipolar world like the one we had 1945-1989 would almost certainly involve two sides pointing thousands of nukes at each other, meaning the world is permanently a few button's push away from nuclear holocuast, a multipolar world would probably end up with multiple powers aiming nukes at each other: like India and Pakistan does today. The end of American hegemony and security guarantees gives many, many countries quick incentives to acquire nuclear weapons against their neighbors.

4) The United States is unique in having a domestic politics much more responsive to political opinions of its citizens than Russia or China, the likely replacements for American hegemon. The American population tends to lean isolationist in the majority of cases, the US is thus much more restrained than most other powers.

Feel free to disagree

1) Unipolarity hasn't been stabilizing though. Iraq, Ukraine, to an extent Afghanistan etc. are all products of American unipolarity. Also, all of the tendencies you've noted were either a) restrained under biopolarity (China would be worried about a soviet invasion if it turned too much force out against Japan) or b) You can't show that unipolarity restrains them (There are Russian troops operating in Ukraine without fear of the USA). I think honestly when America decided to commit random aggression against Iraq, that should have killed Hegemonic stability theory completely. It's clear that great powers still going to great power.

2) Open trade, which is what you're talking about when you say global capitalism, does not require unipolarity.

3) Unipolarity still involves people pointing nukes at one another. Read Russian nuclear doctrine. They fully planned to use nuclear weapons in the event of a US/NATO invasion, which they now regard as quite likely. A unipolar world really doesn't have much less potential for nuclear conflict than a multipolar one, possibly more, because nobody can stop the hegemon doing what it wants without the threat of a nuclear strike.

4) America doesn't tend to be isolationist in the slightest. That's out right false.

HorseLord
Aug 26, 2014
I'd like to thank TheImmigrant for the prize of a brand new avatar, and all I had to to was watch him argue in dogmatic faith against the academic consensus RE: Wacky Foreigner tabloid stories.

Kavros
May 18, 2011

sleep sleep sleep
fly fly post post
sleep sleep sleep
To get back to the general concept of this whole "anti-imperialism and you" thing, and to steer clear of the shouting match:

I would say that one of the core weaknesses of the ideals in the OP involve American unipolarity currently being a good thing. WHEN I SAY THIS, mind you, I would stress specifically that American unipolarity is incidentally a good thing. Incidentally. That way it's more clear that it's less about being proud or accepting of America's current governing ethos or state of being (I, for one, feel that it is stubbornly resisting the important lessons of countries that are derided as socialist yet are providing important lessons about where the current democratic model of governance should lead us in terms of morality and efficiency, and so I feel it is critically in need of reform) but just noting that the world is still so hosed up at present that it incidentally provides the strange reality wherein America's power provides a stabilizing effect and actually ends up protecting a fair percentage of the world's population from brazenly autocratic governments.

That's where a lot of the double standards in the anti-imperialist movement seem to accidentally come from -- and I am trying to say this in all fairness to the people who want to argue the anti-imperialist argument in good faith! -- the focus on 'countering' U.S. imperialism often comes packaged with support of governments who are "part of the anti-imperialist struggle" in their minds, simply because they are unable to be as imperialist as they want at this moment because of the United States. When observed in and of themselves, their designs on imperialism are fairly naked and they to this day commit acts which are simply written off as 'circumstantial to the struggle' or something to that effect -- where if the United States did it, it would be met with tremendous outcry and be considered palpably and categorically unjust among the same people. This is why I was so intrigued by the support of the DPRK (a nakedly horrific government, also nakedly imperialistic, just unable to be imperialistic) and the arguments made to essentially write off or underplay the actual nature of how China treats Tibet, Tibetan culture, and the Tibetan people.

This is why I feel, more or less, that the anti-imperialist ethos, message, and a lot of their core axioms? They will have to be subject to some severe soul-searching and critical internal review before they ever become anything more than a nicheiest-of-the-niche hyper-left ideological bubble which is often little more than a subject of ridicule.

Shuka
Dec 19, 2000
I really like the point that stability is really good for a country, i honestly dont think a country can progress in any sense with instability.

USA I think has been directly responsible for instability in countries that nominate anti-USA leaders to run for office. It pours millions into elections in many countries, and supports overthrow of anti-USA elected leaders if that is what it takes.

This isnt the best post but Im on my coffee break

gobbagool
Feb 5, 2016

by R. Guyovich
Doctor Rope

Shuka posted:

I really like the point that stability is really good for a country, i honestly dont think a country can progress in any sense with instability.

USA I think has been directly responsible for instability in countries that nominate anti-USA leaders to run for office. It pours millions into elections in many countries, and supports overthrow of anti-USA elected leaders if that is what it takes.

This isnt the best post but Im on my coffee break

The USA is uniquely evil in this regard, obviously. Have more coffee and try again

Aeolius
Jul 16, 2003

Simon Templeman Fanclub

If you really want to talk about idealism, look no further than all this stuff about "end-states," as though we're admitting some Fukuyamian end of history. Recall what I said to you earlier in this discussion, that it makes little sense to think of this as a "discrete bout of warfare rather than a continuous struggle." Modern imperialism, being rooted in capitalist relations, is not going to go away if a hegemonic power is upset from its throne. On this we agree. But I simply cannot see how you can reconcile a professed materialist orientation with the idea that resistance is futile. Should the entire edifice of medicine throw up its arms and stop treating people, arguing, "well, they're just gonna get sick again, and death is certain"? To the real, concrete people on the ground resisting, what is the difference between whether your opponent flies one flag or three? Moreover, even if we admit "end-state" in some qualified, intermediary sense, shouldn't this dispose you more favorably to tactical thinking, rather than less? But then, by your criterion, it doesn't seem anyone can support any course of action, ever, since apodictic certainty in predictions of human affairs is a logical impossibility.

Worst of all, you still don't seem to have noticed the word "provisional," which alone answers your entire "seeds of new imperialism" contention. Peel attempted to make this clear as well, and I thought they may have done a better job than I, but apparently none of it penetrated. So... I guess we'll leave it at "good day"?


Typo posted:

No it doesn't and you'd know this if you bother actually reading what the model of comparative advantage is about.

The ultimate core of the comparative advantage theory is that if two countries work together, instead of refusing to trade with one another, the amount of wealth in both country increases even if one country is objectively worse at producing every good than the other country.

So let's say you have England and Portugal, and two goods, cloth and wine...

The problem with the econ 101 explanation (and the classic cloth/wine story) is that it never gets out of econ 101. So as a result, we never consider whether the examples still hold good for nations with large wage differentials, for instance. Or the effects of divergent (i.e., increasing vs decreasing) returns to scale among trading partners. Or the various vectors of unequal exchange. And so on. And you don't even need to dig into the Marxian lit to find this stuff. For example, Kaldor is (was) among the more sophisticated critics of free trade you'll find. Myrdal did a great deal of work with him on circular and cumulative causation. Robinson wrote at length about the "beggar-my-neighbor game" played in the balance of trade.

Of course, it's hard to fault someone for not knowing about economic critiques of comparative advantage/free trade doctrine, because they're not really taught. A few years ago I set about digging through probably more than a dozen modern textbooks on macroeconomics, international econ, trade theory, etc. to see if any of them actually gave airtime to anything but the dogma, and the results were disappointing. It's a touch hazy now; I had taken notes on my findings, but I've moved since then and I'm not sure where they went. I think one of them (might have been Feenstra) had a footnote directing readers to earlier writers on scale, like Frank Graham and Bertil Ohlin (the latter obviously better known for the Hecksher-Ohlin stuff) but then only utilized it in a blinkered way. Insofar as Robinson ever gets a reference, it's generally about monopolistic/monopsonistic competition. And so on. There may have also been one Krugman book that gave passing mention to Graham, also with no payoff. Again, this was a while ago, so I may be imagining that last one. Point is, critical perspectives have not really penetrated the textbook end of things.

Incidentally, "exploitation [being] good for the people being exploited" is a case Marx treats in great detail (e.g., rising real wage coinciding with rising rate of surplus value via a larger share of increasing output still being captured by capitalists). To be clear, the exploitation is not the part of that scenario that's good for the worker.

Kavros posted:

That's where a lot of the double standards in the anti-imperialist movement seem to accidentally come from -- and I am trying to say this in all fairness to the people who want to argue the anti-imperialist argument in good faith! -- the focus on 'countering' U.S. imperialism often comes packaged with support of governments who are "part of the anti-imperialist struggle" in their minds, simply because they are unable to be as imperialist as they want at this moment because of the United States.

I want to make sure you recognize how important that "at this moment" is — to say nothing of the highly limited context of said support.

A lot of people in here keep slipping, unintentionally I assume, back from provisional to general in their reading of "support." Try to keep in mind the "house on fire" example I gave back in my first post; nobody here wants the sink to leak.

Fojar38
Sep 2, 2011


Sorry I meant to say I hope that the police use maximum force and kill or maim a bunch of innocent people, thus paving a way for a proletarian uprising and socialist utopia


also here's a stupid take
---------------------------->

FBH991 posted:

4) America doesn't tend to be isolationist in the slightest. That's out right false.

No, there is very much a historical pattern of "Americans need to be dragged kicking and screaming towards doing anything outside of North America"

asdf32
May 15, 2010

I lust for childrens' deaths. Ask me about how I don't care if my kids die.

Aeolius posted:

If you really want to talk about idealism, look no further than all this stuff about "end-states," as though we're admitting some Fukuyamian end of history. Recall what I said to you earlier in this discussion, that it makes little sense to think of this as a "discrete bout of warfare rather than a continuous struggle." Modern imperialism, being rooted in capitalist relations, is not going to go away if a hegemonic power is upset from its throne. On this we agree. But I simply cannot see how you can reconcile a professed materialist orientation with the idea that resistance is futile. Should the entire edifice of medicine throw up its arms and stop treating people, arguing, "well, they're just gonna get sick again, and death is certain"? To the real, concrete people on the ground resisting, what is the difference between whether your opponent flies one flag or three? Moreover, even if we admit "end-state" in some qualified, intermediary sense, shouldn't this dispose you more favorably to tactical thinking, rather than less? But then, by your criterion, it doesn't seem anyone can support any course of action, ever, since apodictic certainty in predictions of human affairs is a logical impossibility.

Worst of all, you still don't seem to have noticed the word "provisional," which alone answers your entire "seeds of new imperialism" contention. Peel attempted to make this clear as well, and I thought they may have done a better job than I, but apparently none of it penetrated. So... I guess we'll leave it at "good day"?


The problem with the econ 101 explanation (and the classic cloth/wine story) is that it never gets out of econ 101. So as a result, we never consider whether the examples still hold good for nations with large wage differentials, for instance. Or the effects of divergent (i.e., increasing vs decreasing) returns to scale among trading partners. Or the various vectors of unequal exchange. And so on. And you don't even need to dig into the Marxian lit to find this stuff. For example, Kaldor is (was) among the more sophisticated critics of free trade you'll find. Myrdal did a great deal of work with him on circular and cumulative causation. Robinson wrote at length about the "beggar-my-neighbor game" played in the balance of trade.

Of course, it's hard to fault someone for not knowing about economic critiques of comparative advantage/free trade doctrine, because they're not really taught. A few years ago I set about digging through probably more than a dozen modern textbooks on macroeconomics, international econ, trade theory, etc. to see if any of them actually gave airtime to anything but the dogma, and the results were disappointing. It's a touch hazy now; I had taken notes on my findings, but I've moved since then and I'm not sure where they went. I think one of them (might have been Feenstra) had a footnote directing readers to earlier writers on scale, like Frank Graham and Bertil Ohlin (the latter obviously better known for the Hecksher-Ohlin stuff) but then only utilized it in a blinkered way. Insofar as Robinson ever gets a reference, it's generally about monopolistic/monopsonistic competition. And so on. There may have also been one Krugman book that gave passing mention to Graham, also with no payoff. Again, this was a while ago, so I may be imagining that last one. Point is, critical perspectives have not really penetrated the textbook end of things.

Incidentally, "exploitation [being] good for the people being exploited" is a case Marx treats in great detail (e.g., rising real wage coinciding with rising rate of surplus value via a larger share of increasing output still being captured by capitalists). To be clear, the exploitation is not the part of that scenario that's good for the worker.


I want to make sure you recognize how important that "at this moment" is — to say nothing of the highly limited context of said support.

A lot of people in here keep slipping, unintentionally I assume, back from provisional to general in their reading of "support." Try to keep in mind the "house on fire" example I gave back in my first post; nobody here wants the sink to leak.

With widely varying levels of technology and capital comparative advantage is far more relevant than ever. The wine/cloth example is bad because it emphasizes natural resources which are actually less significant and chooses items which both countries could make if they needed too. Japan's lack of resources wrt car manufacturing is completely irrelevant compared to the human and physical capital they've built up in that industry. Japan is thus comparatively far better at car design/manufacture than say South Africa.

Today a small or medium size economy has zero chance of producing a complete modern basket of goods. Comparative advantage in this context says that it's better to specialize in a few things rather than try to do some of everything poorly. As it turns out, this is exactly what countries like China and South Korea have done with electronics and heavy industry respectfully.



Processes that directly lead to exploitation can be beneficial. Or to put it another way: whether something is exploitative in a Marxist sense tells us nothing about whether it's beneficial or not.

asdf32 fucked around with this message at 17:10 on Jun 15, 2016

gobbagool
Feb 5, 2016

by R. Guyovich
Doctor Rope

asdf32 posted:

With widely varying levels of technology and capital comparative advantage is far more relevant than ever. The wine/cloth example is bad because it emphasizes natural resources which are actually less significant and chooses items which both countries could make if they needed too. Japan's lack of resources wrt car manufacturing is completely irrelevant compared to the human and physical capital they've built up in that industry. Japan is thus comparatively far better at car design/manufacture than say South Africa.

Today a small or medium size economy has zero chance of producing a complete modern basket of goods. Comparative advantage in this context says that it's better to specialize in a few things rather than try to do some of everything poorly. As it turns out, this is exactly what countries like China and South Korea have done with electronics and heavy industry respectfully.



Processes that directly lead to exploitation can be beneficial. Or to put it another way: whether something is exploitative in a Marxist sense tells us nothing about whether it's beneficial or not.

Let me dramatically shorten your well worded and good post for the thread: Exploitative has an actual definition besides "things I dont like"

Disinterested
Jun 29, 2011

You look like you're still raking it in. Still killing 'em?
oops wrong thread

rudatron
May 31, 2011

by Fluffdaddy
Oh come off it, I don't recall ever saying 'resistance is futile', or even implying as such, I'm taking issue with your idea that you can neatly cut up things up in the way you want. "We only support them in the anti-imperial praxis" Do you honestly believe that you can do that, and that alone? You supported them knowing what they were, you don't get to just play it off. If you knew that they were structured in such a way that they're highly likely to act bad themselves, later on, you adopt that responsibility for those consequences, in so far as your support at all helped them achieve that end. If all you've done is change the rear end in a top hat in charge, then your quest to fight imperialism will be eternal. You will be stuck on the anti-imperial treadmill forever, toppling the same assholes you gave a leg up only moments ago.

But you seem to be okay for that, because you're immediately comparing having a goal (a world without imperialism) to loving Fukuyama. Or letting people die. All I've done is challenged you to think in a goal-oriented way. Your actions can have unintended consequences, and simply labeling those actions provisional doesn't change that. Oh, I'm sure you absolutely don't want China to demand tribute from everyone in the South China Sea, funny thing is though, that they absolutely will do that if they can get away with it, so allowing that situation to occur, bringing that situation into the present, whatever your intentions in doing so, has not helped anyone. "No no, I disavow that highly obvious & predictable future, because I only supported China against the US, I only supported them in that one area", you don't get to do that, you don't get to cut up all the reactions and counter-reactions in that way, you have to take responsibility for all of them, like it or not.

rudatron fucked around with this message at 17:48 on Jun 15, 2016

asdf32
May 15, 2010

I lust for childrens' deaths. Ask me about how I don't care if my kids die.

rudatron posted:

Oh come off it, I don't recall ever saying 'resistance is futile', or even implying as such, I'm taking issue with your idea that you can neatly cut up things up in the way you want. "We only support them in the anti-imperial praxis" Do you honestly believe that you can do that, and that alone? You supported them knowing what they were, you don't get to just play it off. If you knew that they were structured in such a way that they're highly likely to act bad themselves, later on, you adopt that responsibility for those consequences, in so far as your support at all helped them achieve that end. If all you've done is change the rear end in a top hat in charge, then your quest to fight imperialism will be eternal. You will be stuck on the anti-imperial treadmill forever, toppling the same assholes you gave a leg up only moments ago.

But you seem to be okay for that, because you're immediately comparing having a goal (a world without imperialism) to loving Fukuyama. Or letting people die. All I've done is challenged you to think in a goal-oriented way. Your actions can have unintended consequences, and simply labeling those actions provisional doesn't change that. Oh, I'm sure you absolutely don't want China to demand tribute from everyone in the South China Sea, funny thing is though, that they absolutely will do that if they can get away with it, so allowing that situation to occur, bringing that situation into the present, whatever your intentions in doing so, has not helped anyone. "No no, I disavow that highly obvious & predictable future, because I only supported China against the US, I only supported them in that one area", you don't get to do that, you don't get to cut up all the reactions and counter-reactions in that way, you have to take responsibility for all of them, like it or not.

It appears as simple as this to me: capitalism is bad (i.e. the source of imperialism). China has less capitalism. Thus China will necesarily be better.

Aeolius
Jul 16, 2003

Simon Templeman Fanclub

asdf32 posted:

With widely varying levels of technology and capital comparative advantage is far more relevant than ever.

I've conversed with you before, on a number of occasions. I remember you very clearly as one of those people who doesn't "listen" so much as "wait for their turn to speak." True to form, here, you've replied to my qualms about the econ 101 fable by reframing it but otherwise telling the same story, engaging with no aspects of what I'm describing. (For example, my remarks stand completely irrespective of particular natural endowments, so that's not what makes the Old Testament Comparative Advantage Story bad.)

You're also conflating "liberalized trade in a capitalist world system" (the subject of the critiques I mention) with trade in general. You don't need to explain that trade qua trade is good. You didn't need to the last time you and I traded words on this, either, if you'll recall. But comparative advantage only works fully as advertised if the issues I raised above are corrected for; else it can actually harm the rate of growth of industry for the less-advantaged trade partner. These are the sorts of issues I'm raising and you're ignoring.

On the bright side, your platitudes won white-noise cheers from the rape joke avatar goon — that's surely something.

rudatron posted:

Oh come off it, I don't recall ever saying 'resistance is futile', or even implying as such, I'm taking issue with your idea that you can neatly cut up things up in the way you want. "We only support them in the anti-imperial praxis" Do you honestly believe that you can do that, and that alone?

Yes. That's kind of the whole point.

Let's try this: So Lee Harvey Oswald shot Kennedy, right? Then Jack Ruby went and shot LHO. Right? Do you agree Ruby should have been stopped from unilaterally violating LHO's right to life? If so, then by your reasoning, you're tacitly supporting the assassination of JFK, as well as any other shenanigans LHO might have conceivably gotten into at some hypothetical future date, since apparently we can make no conceptual distinctions between how, why, and in what context we support or oppose someone or something! "That's ridiculous," you reply, because of course you don't support those things. But then, how can you still oppose Ruby's imposition? This is the dilemma of the anti-analytical idealism you're advocating — whether or not you mean to, and whether or not you're willing to admit it.

Furthermore, the fight against imperialism is only "eternal" to the extent that imperialism is, and by extension the world system perpetuating it. Hence why anti-imperialism is only one (extremely important) plank in socialist praxis. The point isn't to juggle forever between rapacious bourgeois states, but to keep the rain off of workers while they pursue a better social order. This is the "goal," the one I've been talking about since the beginning. You don't need to "challenge" me to get one of those; you need to pay more attention. Other users have certainly grasped it.

As Peel said: Unless you're going to actually make a case that accepting unipolar imperialist hegemony is more conducive to the cause of global labor than opposing it, this is just an exercise in talking past one another.

Helsing
Aug 23, 2003

DON'T POST IN THE ELECTION THREAD UNLESS YOU :love::love::love: JOE BIDEN
So far it seems as though the focus of the discussion has been the OP's defense of various governments that the US is critical toward (perhaps this was covered and I missed it, but why don't ISIS or the Taliban make the cut as an anti-imperialist organization?).

What I find myself more curious about, though, is what the OP could possibly be describing in their original post when they write this:

Homework Explainer posted:

Get ready for the shift key, baby.

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the subsequent selling off of that country's public assets to gangs of oligarchs, there has not yet emerged a single force to rival the considerable imperial power of the United States of America. Instead, principled anti-imperialists must cobble together a host of imperfect nations and political movements to form a hodgepodge coalition against the continuing encroachment of the American ruling class and its interests over the oppressed peoples of the world. This support brings with it its own problems, but in light of the magnitude of America's crimes against the globe, such "deals with the devil" are palatable by default. As such, I thought it would be useful to lay out both the case against American imperialism and what are, to my mind, the necessarily critical sympathies that must be developed to effectively combat the empire on the geopolitical stage. Building a movement here at home that exhibits these sympathies is essential for long-term success, and every avenue must be explored — even posts on Internet joke forums about how Donald Trump is a Creamsicle clown man, which he is.

I ask that this thread not devolve into pointless digressions into how I or other anti-imperialists unequivocally love every listed government or head of state or think they never made a mistake. Besides being patently untrue, it's not the purpose of the thread. For much of these countries, my goal — and the goal of many other anti-imperialists — is improvement by means of mass workers' movements, which can better develop in periods of economic uncertainty brought on by anti-imperialist action. This isn't "accelerationism;" it's an understanding that apparatuses of repression are harder to maintain with a weakened economy. The same, of course, goes for the United States.

How does this ever get operationalized? You're imagining that these countries are going to unite into a grand alliance (conveniently forgetting their own serious disputes with each other, and apparently forgoing their own ambitions for greater power) to do... what exactly? Also, what could somebody in the United States possibly do to encourage the formation of this improbably "coalition" of forces?

You're writing apologetics for the devil but I don't actually see any kind of "deal" being proposed. You have some very vague and implausible comments about a "hodgepodge" of different groups or "movements" that will apparently make it a priority to praise Assad's Syria, Iran, North Korea, China, Russia, etc. but I don't see how this is a "deal" with anyone in particular, nor do I have any sense of how a coalition of groups who are only united by their enthusiasm for anti-American dictators is going to somehow attain domestic influence.

Your implication, based on Lenin, is that somehow the US being defeated in a war will create revolutionary conditions in the United States. But that's just a terrible misapplication of what Lenin was saying (whether or not Lenin was even correct in his own case is an argument we can leave for another day). A more relevant example of how America responds to military defeat might be the loss of the war in Vietnam, which produced a reactionary cultural backlash that hasn't entirely ebbed even 40 years later.

But again, these are at best secondary objections because my real problem with your ideas is that you suggest no plausible way to carry them out or implement them. When you write this:

quote:

Observe, the ragtag collection of heads of state standing against the American empire. I've listed them in descending order, in terms of how I'd support them outside the context of American imperialism. Some, like Cuba and China, get my support generally. Others, like Russia, do not. But, as I say in the title, these "devil's bargains" are necessary to bring an end to the most destructive world power in all of recorded history. When that's happened, anti-imperialists can focus on improvements in those countries. Bringing the war machine to a grinding halt takes priority for the vast majority of the world's people.

you might as well just be singing "give peace a chance".

I think the idea that you can just overthrow the American and European hegemony (somehow) and then "focus on improvement" in China and Russia is beyond silly, but unlike most posters I don't feel the need to focus on it because you might as well be discussing how to turn Gondor or Westeros into socialist Republics.

Also, I have to ask about this:

Homework Explainer posted:


I think national policy arises from material conditions, and I'd be committing some serious chauvinism if I claimed to know better than Koreans how to handle Korea's situation. Juche is "Marxism-Leninism with Chinese characteristics," to borrow from Deng Xiaoping. It was the result of the war and subsequent military encirclement, and has been maintained due to the near-constant antagonism surrounding the peninsula. The national question is essential for this topic, and without keeping context in mind at all times we risk falling into error.

In short, I think Juche is the policy Koreans have determined as the best course for the continuation of their nation. By the same token, imperialism is the best course for the continuation of the United States as a nation in its current form. The reason it came into being was the inevitable drop in surplus value from domestic production. Without our imperial monopolies, our economy would have stopped growing long ago. I don't blame the ruling class for making this determination — they're right! It's how to keep the power structure in place! But I want it to end nonetheless.


Talking about the Korean people and the North Korean state as though they have the same interests or as though the state merely executes the will of the people seems ridiculous. But, more importantly, doesn't your entire post amount to you claiming to "know better than Koreans how to handle Korea's situation"? Aren't you, in essence, telling the entire third world to drop or ignore all kinds of historical or regional disputes so that they can ally with the regimes you want them to ally with in pursuit of the goals you want them to pursue? It seems incoherent to simultaneously argue that the third world should form a grand anti-Imperial alliance yet also say that you wouldn't dare tell the North Koreans how to run their own government.

Helsing
Aug 23, 2003

DON'T POST IN THE ELECTION THREAD UNLESS YOU :love::love::love: JOE BIDEN
Also, incidentally,

asdf32 posted:

With widely varying levels of technology and capital comparative advantage is far more relevant than ever. The wine/cloth example is bad because it emphasizes natural resources which are actually less significant and chooses items which both countries could make if they needed too. Japan's lack of resources wrt car manufacturing is completely irrelevant compared to the human and physical capital they've built up in that industry. Japan is thus comparatively far better at car design/manufacture than say South Africa.

Today a small or medium size economy has zero chance of producing a complete modern basket of goods. Comparative advantage in this context says that it's better to specialize in a few things rather than try to do some of everything poorly. As it turns out, this is exactly what countries like China and South Korea have done with electronics and heavy industry respectfully.


you are completely misapplying the idea of comparative advantage. In your hands it's a basically meaningless idea that could be stretched to apply to almost anything. The funny thing is that what you say is a "bad example" is actually the original example used by David Ricardo to justify the entire concept.

China and Japan used protectionist policies and various forms of (both covert and overt) government subsidies and protectionism to develop industrial champions and used this to kick-start broader economic growth and to gradually move up to more and more complex industries. And far from specializing, their economic development saw their economies becoming more complex and diverse rather than specializing in a single industry.

Typo
Aug 19, 2009

Chernigov Military Aviation Lyceum
The Fighting Slowpokes

Aeolius posted:

The problem with the econ 101 explanation (and the classic cloth/wine story) is that it never gets out of econ 101. So as a result, we never consider whether the examples still hold good for nations with large wage differentials, for instance. Or the effects of divergent (i.e., increasing vs decreasing) returns to scale among trading partners. Or the various vectors of unequal exchange. And so on. And you don't even need to dig into the Marxian lit to find this stuff. For example, Kaldor is (was) among the more sophisticated critics of free trade you'll find. Myrdal did a great deal of work with him on circular and cumulative causation. Robinson wrote at length about the "beggar-my-neighbor game" played in the balance of trade.

Of course, it's hard to fault someone for not knowing about economic critiques of comparative advantage/free trade doctrine, because they're not really taught. A few years ago I set about digging through probably more than a dozen modern textbooks on macroeconomics, international econ, trade theory, etc. to see if any of them actually gave airtime to anything but the dogma, and the results were disappointing. It's a touch hazy now; I had taken notes on my findings, but I've moved since then and I'm not sure where they went. I think one of them (might have been Feenstra) had a footnote directing readers to earlier writers on scale, like Frank Graham and Bertil Ohlin (the latter obviously better known for the Hecksher-Ohlin stuff) but then only utilized it in a blinkered way. Insofar as Robinson ever gets a reference, it's generally about monopolistic/monopsonistic competition. And so on. There may have also been one Krugman book that gave passing mention to Graham, also with no payoff. Again, this was a while ago, so I may be imagining that last one. Point is, critical perspectives have not really penetrated the textbook end of things.


It would really help if you give a coherent criticism of free trade, instead of simply dropping a bunch of names and terms and claim that "it's a touch hazy" and imply that of course, the "truth" about free trade is being hidden from textbooks probably by bourgeois counter-revolutionary economists.

To be sure, we should not aim for absolute free trade because there are legitimate critism of free trade and I mentioned some of them already, tariff walls protecting infant industry is a necessity used by every single industrializing power, countries should try to avoid being locked into unfavorable patterns of trade, slowing down trade due to externalities generated (i.e pollution) is also legitimate.

quote:

Incidentally, "exploitation [being] good for the people being exploited" is a case Marx treats in great detail (e.g., rising real wage coinciding with rising rate of surplus value via a larger share of increasing output still being captured by capitalists). To be clear, the exploitation is not the part of that scenario that's good for the worker.


labor theory of value is wrong, the rise in real wages is more than "coinciding" with higher returns on capital and is in fact largely caused by higher returns on capital. the reason why marx isn't taught except as like a point of interest in some electives in economics isn't because conspiracy to hide truth: it's because Marx is a 150 year old textbook that's eviscerated over and over again since the 1880s when utility theory rose as a direct response to the labor theory of value and is better.

Typo fucked around with this message at 19:36 on Jun 15, 2016

Elias_Maluco
Aug 23, 2007
I need to sleep
This thread is a very interesting read when people can avoid calling each other assholes and shitbags

Anyways, here is some dumb opinion based on nothing but my vague impressions of stuff: nation imperialism, while still a relevant subject, is slowly ceding to some new kind of corporate imperialism, where huge corporations, often monopolistic or almost, act like the old imperialistic nations from the past (think Facebook, Amazon, Google, Monsanto etc). They spread their control over the globe and can not only often avoid the law and taxes in any countries where they operate, but also heavly influence the law and politics of those nations with the huge power of their capital and the need for the services/products they offer

Most of those corporations are still based in the USA, but they are international in body and soul. More than being arms of the american imperialism, the USA is actually becoming more and more a tool for their corporate imperialism, being the safe base from where they project their power, and the military and diplomatic arm they use to open new markets. And while the us government still have some control over then, they worldwide reach and huge concentration of money and information allows then to avoid most of this control and, at the other hand, influence the US government just like they do with any other, while juggling and spreading their capital around so it doesnt really belongs to any country

Elias_Maluco fucked around with this message at 20:21 on Jun 15, 2016

asdf32
May 15, 2010

I lust for childrens' deaths. Ask me about how I don't care if my kids die.

Helsing posted:

Also, incidentally,


you are completely misapplying the idea of comparative advantage. In your hands it's a basically meaningless idea that could be stretched to apply to almost anything. The funny thing is that what you say is a "bad example" is actually the original example used by David Ricardo to justify the entire concept.

China and Japan used protectionist policies and various forms of (both covert and overt) government subsidies and protectionism to develop industrial champions and used this to kick-start broader economic growth and to gradually move up to more and more complex industries. And far from specializing, their economic development saw their economies becoming more complex and diverse rather than specializing in a single industry.

First, no poo poo that's the textbook example. Natural resources are still a source of comparative advantage but in a world with cheap transportation its impact is diminished. Hence it only adds a tiny cost to Japanese cars which is swamped by all the other advantages they've built for themselves in that industry.

Second the observation that comparative advantage exists is seperate from a prediction that nations will or should maximize it and it's certainly seperate from whether the free market or government policy is driving that persuit.

Third no, comparative advantage does not imply the that the entire nation of Japan should persue one industry.

Typo
Aug 19, 2009

Chernigov Military Aviation Lyceum
The Fighting Slowpokes

FBH991 posted:

1) Unipolarity hasn't been stabilizing though. Iraq, Ukraine, to an extent Afghanistan etc. are all products of American unipolarity. Also, all of the tendencies you've noted were either a) restrained under biopolarity (China would be worried about a soviet invasion if it turned too much force out against Japan) or b) You can't show that unipolarity restrains them (There are Russian troops operating in Ukraine without fear of the USA). I think honestly when America decided to commit random aggression against Iraq, that should have killed Hegemonic stability theory completely. It's clear that great powers still going to great power.
OTOH, the Middle-East was hardly more stable during the cold war than during the 2000s, the Middle-East saw numerous interstate conflicts during the cold war, notably between Israel and the Arab countries, and numerous coups and revolutions largely as a result of US or Soviet sponsored proxies. We should also note, of course, that the Soviet war in Afghanistan is far bloodier than the American one, largely due to the fact that the Mujaheddin had great power sponsors due to the cold war.

The Middle-East as a whole less important than east Asia due to its much smaller population. During the Cold War, China engaged in 5 wars against its neigbors, the invasion of Tibet, the Korean War in which it tried to not just push UN forces out of the north but to turn the entire peninsular Communist, the Sino-Indian war, the Sino-Soviet border clashes, and the Sino-Vietnamese war. After the 1980s when China became an American ally and accepted (temporarily) American hegemony in East Asia, it has never fought another war vs a neighbor.

While you are right that Russia invaded and annexed Ukrainian territory, western threats of sanctions showed Putin where the red line laid, and he did not pursue any additional territorial gains beyond Crimea and half of the Donbass.

quote:

2) Open trade, which is what you're talking about when you say global capitalism, does not require unipolarity.
But unipolarity is much better suited to protecting trade routes, and makes it much more unlikely to two blocs to refuse to trade due to political reasons, as was the case with the west-eastern blocs for most of the cold war.

quote:

3) Unipolarity still involves people pointing nukes at one another. Read Russian nuclear doctrine. They fully planned to use nuclear weapons in the event of a US/NATO invasion, which they now regard as quite likely. A unipolar world really doesn't have much less potential for nuclear conflict than a multipolar one, possibly more, because nobody can stop the hegemon doing what it wants without the threat of a nuclear strike.
I disagree, because while Russia will launch the nukes if NATO invades, everybody recognizes that it's very unlikely. Thus neither side's fingers are on the button so to speak.

The real fear during the cold war was that one side would launch a first strike to disable the other sides's nuclear arsenal before it could be launched. During the cold war, you had the case of Stanislav Petrov (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanislav_Petrov), who probably singe handedly saved the world by ignoring readings from his computer telling him that the US has launched a first strike vs the Soviet Union. Had he not done so, there was likely to be a Soviet retaliatory launch and the death of hundreds of millions. Such a scenario is very unlikely today because the state of tensions are far lower and a first strike not within the realm of reasonable possibility.

I take your point on nuclear proliferation is possibly being true though, although if the Iranian nuclear deal does work out it may indicate that the US is better at preventing proliferation than previously thought.

quote:

4) America doesn't tend to be isolationist in the slightest. That's out right false.

The US pulled out of Vietnam and Iraq largely due to domestic political opinion, it's fairly unique in history that a country's citizens can affect major geopolitical decisions.

Typo fucked around with this message at 20:37 on Jun 15, 2016

Helsing
Aug 23, 2003

DON'T POST IN THE ELECTION THREAD UNLESS YOU :love::love::love: JOE BIDEN

asdf32 posted:

First, no poo poo that's the textbook example. Natural resources are still a source of comparative advantage but in a world with cheap transportation its impact is diminished. Hence it only adds a tiny cost to Japanese cars which is swamped by all the other advantages they've built for themselves in that industry.

Second the observation that comparative advantage exists is seperate from a prediction that nations will or should maximize it and it's certainly seperate from whether the free market or government policy is driving that persuit.

Third no, comparative advantage does not imply the that the entire nation of Japan should persue one industry.

So what is the difference between your version of comparative advantage (which apparently views the textbook standard example as a bad one, and which apparently is neutral on the question on whether a country should actually specialize in it's comparative advantage) and me simply saying "a country should make smart investments"? What, analytically, does your version of comparative advantage explain or predict which my vague and almost meaningless statement doesn't express equally well? Or here's another meaningless truism which seems equivalent to your idea: "Different countries face different opportunities and challenges to develop"?

I mean, so what? That's so trite it's practically meaningless. Why even bring it up?

FBH991
Nov 26, 2010

Fojar38 posted:

No, there is very much a historical pattern of "Americans need to be dragged kicking and screaming towards doing anything outside of North America"

I think the people of Iran, Russia, Japan, China, multiple South American countries, the Philippines, Spain, and several others I've forgotten would disagree with you on that one.

Helsing
Aug 23, 2003

DON'T POST IN THE ELECTION THREAD UNLESS YOU :love::love::love: JOE BIDEN
I don't even know how one begins to respond to a claim as absurd as "Americans need to be dragged kicking and screaming towards doing anything outside of North America". It's like meeting somebody who just fell out of an alternative timeline where the 19th and 20th centuries didn't happen.

Aeolius
Jul 16, 2003

Simon Templeman Fanclub

Typo posted:

It would really help if you give a coherent criticism of free trade, instead of simply dropping a bunch of names and terms and claim that "it's a touch hazy" and imply that of course, the "truth" about free trade is being hidden from textbooks probably by bourgeois counter-revolutionary economists.

I apologize that my recollection could be better, but it's impossible not to drop names when we're discussing textbooks, since that's how they're commonly identified. I can tell you I also definitely referred to mainstays like Varian (multiple Varians, come to think of it), MWG, Kreps, Obstfeld and more, though that probably won't mean anything to you.

As it happens, I did list several of the substantive criticisms, above the point where any names start to appear. So, what you're really asking here is for me to elaborate. So, fine, let's pick the one for which I have a text at hand. Here's a lead-in, followed by a Google Books link to continue reading.

Nicholas Kaldor, in his 1984 'Causes of Growth and Stagnation in the World Economy,' posted:

Ricardo proceeded to demonstrate his law in terms of an example of trade between England and Portugal, where Portugal is assumed to be the rich country, with a high productivity per head, whose comparative advantage in making wine is greater than in making cloth. In that case, Portugal would be better off by concentrating on wine production and importing cloth from England, giving wine in exchange.

This proposition is valid under two suppositions, neither of which is explicitly stated. The first is that the total volume of employment in both trading countries is no smaller after the opening of trade than it was before. The second is that there are constant costs of production to transferable factors in both industries - which means that the productivity of labour and capital in either industry is the same after the opening of trade than it was before. Under these two assumptions, it is easy to demonstrate that both countries stand to gain from free trade. Portugal will be richer, having more cloth at its disposal than before, with the same amount (or possibly more) of wine; while England will have more of both commodities, or in an extreme case, more of one without having less of the other.

However, in the absence of the assumption of constant costs, either on account of diminishing returns to transferable factors, or increasing returns due to economies of scale, the proposition ceases to be true, and it is an extraordinary fact that this has never, to my knowledge, been properly acknowledged in the literature of international trade theory.

Take first the case of diminishing returns. Suppose the amount of wine produced in Portugal is limited by the amount of land suitable for viniculture (while only a limited amount of labour can be used with advantage on any one hectare of land). Production could then be limited by a land constraint, not a labour constraint. If the maximum number of people who can be usefully employed on the land is smaller than the total number available to work, the remainder can only be employed in industry or services. In the absence of international trade, the people who are not wanted on the land will be engaged in making "cloth", in the ratio, say of 1 yard of cloth = 10 litres of wine. In England, on the other hand, 10 litres of wine cost the same as 10 yards of cloth. The opening of trade will mean that the price of cloth will fall so much, both in terms of money and in terms of wine, that it will no longer be profitable to produce cloth in Portugal - the Portuguese textile trade will be ruined. (This is not just an imaginary example: according to Friedrich List this is what actually happened as a result of the Methuen Treaty with Portugal of 1704). Now, if all the workers freed from cloth-making could be employed in increasing the production of wine, in proportion to the increase in labour, all would be well: the real income of Portugal would be greater than before. Portugal would have more cloth and more wine to consume than in the absence of trade. However, if land is limited, this is not possible. Nor will it be possible to save the cloth-trade by reducing wages. For there is a minimum wage (in terms of wine) below which the cloth workers could not subsist. Hence, the result might be that while Portugal will export more wine to England, the national real income of Portugal would shrink, since the addition to its wine output may not compensate for the loss of output of the cloth trade. Portugal could well end up by being a much poorer country than before - there would be less employment and less output.

The whole classical and neo-classical conception that the opportunity to trade with abroad will necessarily benefit a country by re-allocating resources in such a way that each unit of labour will directly or indirectly make a greater contribution to the national output than it did before, is a false one. Or rather, it will only be true under highly restrictive and unrealistic assumptions.

Continue here.

Moreover, I'm not saying anything about "bourgeois counter-revolutionary economists." None of the economists I named are Marxists; hence, "you don't even need to dig into the Marxian lit to find this stuff." Ideology does play a role in what ideas get propagated, yes, and certainly anyone even passingly familiar with the history of heterodox economics knows that ostracizing and discrimination have routinely been deployed against alternative traditions (and this trend continues). Here's a whole book on it.

Anyway, I don't know why you're disputing me on this if you're ready to agree that protectionism has been key to the biggest success stories among developing nations.

Typo posted:

labor theory of value is wrong, the rise in real wages is more than "coinciding" with higher returns on capital and is in fact largely caused by higher returns on capital. the reason why marx isn't taught except as like a point of interest in some electives in economics isn't because conspiracy to hide truth: it's because Marx is a 150 year old textbook that's eviscerated over and over again since the 1880s when utility theory rose as a direct response to the labor theory of value and is better.

"It would really help if you gave a coherent criticism of the law of value, instead of simply mentioning some years and claiming it's 'wrong' and to imply that, of course, the mere existence of one theory is sufficient to refute another." Right?

Though I think we can get away with discussing asymmetry in trade in an imperialism thread, an in-depth discussion of value theory may be stretching it (by all means, choose another venue and I'll oblige you). That said, if you're going to wax authoritative to dismiss something you do not understand, you should definitely expect to be called on it.

Aeolius fucked around with this message at 22:07 on Jun 15, 2016

Typo
Aug 19, 2009

Chernigov Military Aviation Lyceum
The Fighting Slowpokes

Aeolius posted:

I apologize that my recollection could be better, but it's impossible not to drop names when we're discussing textbooks, since that's how they're commonly identified. I can tell you I also definitely referred to mainstays like Varian (multiple Varians, come to think of it), MWG, Kreps, Obsfeld and more, though that probably won't mean anything to you.

As it happens, I did list several of the substantive criticisms, above the point where any names start to appear. So, what you're really asking here is for me to elaborate. So, fine, let's pick the one for which I have a text at hand. Here's a lead-in, followed by a Google Books link to continue reading.


Continue here.
he's writing this in 1984, before globalization and trade greatly increased the standard of living across the third world.

Autarkic modes of economies has being tried, more often than open ones, in the 1950s-70s by post-colonial regimes, Nehru's India, Nasser's Egypt, a whole bunch of Latin American all tried Import Substitution industrialization and they all led to stagnation, Argentina was spending something like 25% of its entire GDP subsidizing failing industries by the 80s, the economic records of Communist countries has already being explored in this thread.

His model is theoretically possible, but in reality there is such big diverse degree of economic activities you almost never end up in a situation where your country can't redeploy labor to other industries. There's also the fact that he conveniently uses land, the one endowment which cannot be changed. In reality though you can increase output on land and labor:land ratio by doing stuff like adding in capital to wine making or w/e, like adding more fertilizers increases production per acre, adding more factories allow better processing etc etc.



quote:

Moreover, I'm not saying anything about "bourgeois counter-revolutionary economists." None of the economists I named are Marxists; hence, "you don't even need to dig into the Marxian lit to find this stuff." Ideology does play a role in what ideas get propagated, yes, and certainly anyone even passingly familiar with the history of heterodox economics knows that ostracizing and discrimination have routinely been deployed against alternative traditions (and this trend continues). Here's a whole book on it.
The problem with leftists on the ideas of their opposition is that they keep believing that, as opposes to their oppositions' idea being better at explaining how the world works, they are only popular because of a conspiracy to suppress the left's own ideas.


quote:

Anyway, I don't know why you're disputing me on this if you're ready to agree that protectionism has been key to the biggest success stories among developing nations.
Because there is a big difference between thinking infant industry protection is a net positive and believing that tariff walls should be kept up forever even for developed nations, or that tariffs should be enacted to protect industries that are obviously going to be noncompetitive once enough time has passed (an example would be Brazil's attempt at getting a computer industry), or that mature domestic industry should not be subjected to competing prices from international competition at the cost of higher prices for consumers. And even protectionist economies must focus on exporting with the eventual plan to fully integrate into the world market.

quote:

"It would really help if you gave a coherent criticism of the law of value, instead of simply mentioning some years and claiming it's 'wrong' and to imply that, of course, the mere existence of one theory is sufficient to refute another." Right?

Though I think we can get away with discussing asymmetry in trade in an imperialism thread, an in-depth discussion of value theory may be stretching it (by all means, choose another venue and I'll oblige you). That said, if you're going to wax authoritative to dismiss something you do not understand, you should definitely expect to be called on it.
the labor theory of value has being so thoroughly discredited since the 1880s that it's pointless to reinvent the wheel again.

Typo fucked around with this message at 22:51 on Jun 15, 2016

Helsing
Aug 23, 2003

DON'T POST IN THE ELECTION THREAD UNLESS YOU :love::love::love: JOE BIDEN
Typo, when you're clearly overmatched you should find a more dignified avenue of retreat than "I don't need to explain nothin, everybody knows I'm right."

Just because another person knows more than you on a specific topic doesn't mean you can't remain skeptical of their ideas or ask critical questions but you're really telegraphing your ignorance here and attempting to present yourself as an equal debate partner to somebody who has obviously spent more time actually reading and thinking about these issues.

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Typo
Aug 19, 2009

Chernigov Military Aviation Lyceum
The Fighting Slowpokes

Helsing posted:

Typo, when you're clearly overmatched you should find a more dignified avenue of retreat than "I don't need to explain nothin, everybody knows I'm right."

Just because another person knows more than you on a specific topic doesn't mean you can't remain skeptical of their ideas or ask critical questions but you're really telegraphing your ignorance here and attempting to present yourself as an equal debate partner to somebody who has obviously spent more time actually reading and thinking about these issues.

oh d&d, how i have missed you

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