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fizziester
Dec 21, 2023

Source: Guardian UK

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2024/mar/01/sweden-nato-unprepared-vulnerable-attack

Sweden is joining Nato, but it’s hopelessly unprepared for war
Martin Gelin
Martin Gelin is a Swedish journalist based in Paris and New York, and the author of the forthcoming book Rules of Attraction: Why Soft Power Matters in Hard Times
Fri 1 Mar 2024 07.00 GMT

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 came as a rude awakening for Sweden. Across the country people suddenly realised that national security vulnerabilities were everywhere. The entire public transit rail network in Stockholm, for example, is operated by MTR, a Hong Kong-based company with ties to the Chinese Communist party...

Sweden is set to join Nato this year... This is a historic shift: after more than two centuries of peace, neutral Sweden will have to rapidly adjust to a belligerent new world.

... Too often, the private companies which took over formerly public infrastructure have prioritised profits over safety, and many of the most vulnerable coastal regions in Sweden lack basic assets for civil defence, such as shelters.

Recent reports by the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), and independent analysis by trade unions and business groups, suggest countless examples of conflicts of interest between long-term national security and the short-term interests of businesses and municipal governments eager to bring new jobs to post-industrial towns. For the most part, this conflict has been resolved by ignoring the national security concerns...

... In Timrå, the municipal government’s security official Johanna Hillgren recently resigned over the city’s decision to allow a Chinese battery factory to be sited right next to the Midlanda airport, which has been deemed a critical national security asset.

Almost a quarter of all new wind turbines in Sweden since 2017 have been built by Chinese companies, which could jeopardise Swedish energy supplies in a scenario of increasing EU-China tensions.

“Sweden is still about 10 years behind when it comes to realising that China’s ambitions are global,” says Oksanen.

Decades of austerity and deregulation have also left Sweden with a severe lack of preparedness and civic infrastructure...

... There is also a lack of reliable defence shelters. Huge new facilities, such as the most expensive hospital in Swedish history, Nya Karolinska, in the north of Stockholm, have been built without a single space for shelter.

The government agency tasked with inspecting the national network of 64,000 shelters – with space to accommodate 7 million people – currently has just two employees. The pair are supposed to visit all 64,000 locations...

... there has been a mostly bipartisan consensus about selling off public assets, while eagerly inviting Chinese businesses to invest in factories and critical infrastructure.

... But increased funding for civil defence and the military is often undermined by anachronistic regulations, or decentralised systems involving multiple private actors and local communities. The national rail network, for example, is operated by 60 different corporations.

The FOI is not allowed to test its recently acquired defence drones outdoors, but instead has to hire a private sports stadium to do trial runs.

... A further symptom might be a particular Swedish vulnerability to external propaganda, disinformation and hybrid warfare...

... China has also successfully tempted “alternative media” to share Beijing’s narratives with gullible Swedes....

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DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

Please read that book about how this is all the result of Swedish social democracy being defeated and explain it to me because I have no idea why the bork borks thought this was a good idea while Switzerland and Austria had more of a connection to their national identity.

Trabisnikof
Dec 24, 2005

lmao Cuba had a spy on the National Security Council during the Clinton admin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rocha

Atrocious Joe
Sep 2, 2011

Free Rocha

StashAugustine
Mar 24, 2013

Do not trust in hope- it will betray you! Only faith and hatred sustain.

Morbus posted:

The salient features of most analyses, wargames, etc. are:

-Any surface vessels in the general area are going to have a bad time

-China can probably interdict shipping to Taiwan indefinitely, so don't count on being able to resupply them by sea

Now, the obvious conclusion from #1 and #2 is that, yes, if China wanted to exert pressure on Taiwan they could just blockade them and the US couldn't really do much about it. If anyone wasn't convinced of this before, I think operation pRoSpErItY gUaRdIaN should have set them straight.

However, every RANDbrain just jumps from here to "well, that means amphibious landing craft are gonna get hosed, so China would not be very successful at a ground invasion as long we can count on the Taiwanese fighting fanatically and the US flushing half its navy and aircraft down the toilet". Which is probably true, but seems like it misses the point.

Yeah I'm kinda skeptical that China could successfully launch an amphibious invasion of Taiwan just because they're really loving hard, but that doesn't mean they can't pressure them any other way or bloody the US along the way

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

They don’t have to, they just have to blockade and bombard Taiwan.

Jon Pod Van Damm
Apr 6, 2009

THE POSSESSION OF WEALTH IS IN AND OF ITSELF A SIGN OF POOR VIRTUE. AS SUCH:
1 NEVER TRUST ANY RICH PERSON.
2 NEVER HIRE ANY RICH PERSON.
BY RULE 1, IT IS APPROPRIATE TO PRESUME THAT ALL DEGREES AND CREDENTIALS HELD BY A WEALTHY PERSON ARE FRAUDULENT. THIS JUSTIFIES RULE 2--RULE 1 NEEDS NO JUSTIFIC



DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

Please read that book about how this is all the result of Swedish social democracy being defeated and explain it to me because I have no idea why the bork borks thought this was a good idea while Switzerland and Austria had more of a connection to their national identity.
Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

Zodium
Jun 19, 2004

DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

Please read that book about how this is all the result of Swedish social democracy being defeated and explain it to me because I have no idea why the bork borks thought this was a good idea while Switzerland and Austria had more of a connection to their national identity.

scandinavian countries are a type of barnacle that grows on empires

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

Jon Pod Van Damm posted:

Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

Tempora Mutantur
Feb 22, 2005

Jon Pod Van Damm posted:

Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

:eyepop:

gradenko_2000
Oct 5, 2010

HELL SERPENT
Lipstick Apathy

Jon Pod Van Damm posted:

Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

GlassEye-Boy
Jul 12, 2001

fizziester posted:

Source: Guardian UK

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2024/mar/01/sweden-nato-unprepared-vulnerable-attack

Sweden is joining Nato, but it’s hopelessly unprepared for war
Martin Gelin
Martin Gelin is a Swedish journalist based in Paris and New York, and the author of the forthcoming book Rules of Attraction: Why Soft Power Matters in Hard Times
Fri 1 Mar 2024 07.00 GMT

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 came as a rude awakening for Sweden. Across the country people suddenly realised that national security vulnerabilities were everywhere. The entire public transit rail network in Stockholm, for example, is operated by MTR, a Hong Kong-based company with ties to the Chinese Communist party...

Sweden is set to join Nato this year... This is a historic shift: after more than two centuries of peace, neutral Sweden will have to rapidly adjust to a belligerent new world.

... Too often, the private companies which took over formerly public infrastructure have prioritised profits over safety, and many of the most vulnerable coastal regions in Sweden lack basic assets for civil defence, such as shelters.

Recent reports by the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), and independent analysis by trade unions and business groups, suggest countless examples of conflicts of interest between long-term national security and the short-term interests of businesses and municipal governments eager to bring new jobs to post-industrial towns. For the most part, this conflict has been resolved by ignoring the national security concerns...

... In Timrå, the municipal government’s security official Johanna Hillgren recently resigned over the city’s decision to allow a Chinese battery factory to be sited right next to the Midlanda airport, which has been deemed a critical national security asset.

Almost a quarter of all new wind turbines in Sweden since 2017 have been built by Chinese companies, which could jeopardise Swedish energy supplies in a scenario of increasing EU-China tensions.

“Sweden is still about 10 years behind when it comes to realising that China’s ambitions are global,” says Oksanen.

Decades of austerity and deregulation have also left Sweden with a severe lack of preparedness and civic infrastructure...

... There is also a lack of reliable defence shelters. Huge new facilities, such as the most expensive hospital in Swedish history, Nya Karolinska, in the north of Stockholm, have been built without a single space for shelter.

The government agency tasked with inspecting the national network of 64,000 shelters – with space to accommodate 7 million people – currently has just two employees. The pair are supposed to visit all 64,000 locations...

... there has been a mostly bipartisan consensus about selling off public assets, while eagerly inviting Chinese businesses to invest in factories and critical infrastructure.

... But increased funding for civil defence and the military is often undermined by anachronistic regulations, or decentralised systems involving multiple private actors and local communities. The national rail network, for example, is operated by 60 different corporations.

The FOI is not allowed to test its recently acquired defence drones outdoors, but instead has to hire a private sports stadium to do trial runs.

... A further symptom might be a particular Swedish vulnerability to external propaganda, disinformation and hybrid warfare...

... China has also successfully tempted “alternative media” to share Beijing’s narratives with gullible Swedes....

for a article about NATO they sure seem concerned about a country on the other side of the world with no hostile actions against any of the alliance states.

cat botherer
Jan 6, 2022

I am interested in most phases of data processing.

fizziester posted:

Sweden is set to join Nato this year... This is a historic shift: after more than two centuries of peace, neutral Sweden will have to rapidly adjust to a belligerent new world.
Ah yes, the belligerent new world, different from the famously peaceful world of the last two centuries. also JFC neutrality only matters when it comes to conflict. The whole loving point is to avoid getting dragged into other people's wars.

genericnick
Dec 26, 2012

Jon Pod Van Damm posted:

Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

I was just reading a paper on airborne ASW these days, and discovered that, other than the Russians and Chinese putting SAMs on the masts or periscopes or whatever, no submarines today have a defence against aircraft.

I realize that stealth is their best defence, and nuclear subs never need to surface, diesel boats use snorkels. However, in the Taiwan Strait, the water is so shallow it would not be difficult to envision a situation where Chinese aircraft very quickly detect the presence of a US sub and start dropping sonar buoys, in which case you would think someone has thought of something the sub could do before depth charges and torpedoes start getting dropped.

I bring this up because, probably due to the ranges involved in the Pacific, Japanese subs were rarely caught on the surface - it was nothing like the Bay of Biscay - and when they were, the cruiser subs were often able to drive off the patrol plane with their big AAA batteries.

If you want to talk about a submarine concept that did not work well, though again, it was understandable for the 1920s, it would have to be the gun cruiser.




Both the British M1 and French Surcouf were lost to collisions, which is probably worth looking into. Any submarine of the time (and honestly now) would have been sunk by a collision, but it's strange that this was the fate of both of these particularly large ones. I would guess slow diving speed was a contributing factor?



X-1 had a lot of problems from trying to jam all of those systems into the size of a submarine hull, given the technology of the day. "She was 'of more value to the enemy than ourselves'", with a string of major engine failures, and problems with the auxiliary engines and HP air compressors.

"Internal arrangements not very satisfactory because of overcrowding with auxiliary machinery. Accommodation is cramped, ventilation poor and ship suffers from humidity, diving arrangements good, electrics satisfactory except for dampness problems. Inadequate battery ventilation, armament satisfactory, main and auxiliary propelling engines the least satisfactory feature of X1"

This is a problem, because the main asset of a cruiser is the ability to cruise for extended periods, it's why they're so big and expensive. A big, expensive ship that can't cruise independently of the fleet is worthless for its intended role.

Putting large guns in a submarine (which is much smaller than a surface ship) also created problems on all 3 of these vessels. In the case of X-1, "A very large bridge was occupied mainly by gunnery control gear including an upper control room, a range finder room and a director tower. The conning tower took second place abaft these gunnery spaces."

Which makes sense, I mean, in all three instances, we're talking about massive guns, in turrets, that are water and pressure proof, on top of a tiny hull.

"Four in number 5.2-inch guns in twin mountings were sited one mounting forward of the bridge and the other about 50ft aft of the bridge. A circular gun trunk of about 4½ft diameter ran from the mounting to the magazine directly below in the lower half of the pressure-hull. A 10ft diameter-working chamber surrounded the gun trunk between the gun deck and the top of the pressure hull. Each magazine carried 100 rounds of ammunition per gun and shell compensating tanks were fitted each side abreast each magazine."

"The gunnery control arrangements occupied most of the bridge space. From the pressure hull a hatch led into an upper control room on the top of which was the director tower extending to about bridge canopy height. The cover of the director tower could be raised vertically two feet and when closed was obviously watertight to full diving depth. A second hatch from inside the pressure hull led to a range finder room alongside the upper control room and a 9ft range finder was fitted on the bridge aft of the director tower. The conning tower was abaft these gunnery spaces and access was provided from the conning tower to the gunnery rooms."

The problem with all of this is that, honestly, by the time they entered service the torpedo was a much better weapon for attacking merchant ships than a naval gun. Not for surface ships, but for submarines. The reasons are numerous, but one of them is pretty simple - merchant ships began to be armed with guns for self defence in the Great War. Okay, well obviously that's no problem to a surface raider. A 3.7 inch gun was not going to do anything to Graf Spee



However what would be minor damage to a cruiser would be fatal to a cruiser submarine because return fire would penetrate the pressure hull. Hole in pressure hull = can't submerge. Can't submerge = the most powerful submarine, when on the surface, is weaker and more fragile than a small destroyer.

So, the Japanese decision to build cruising submarines with reliable machinery, which made them big, and using some of that space for seaplanes, was much smarter than using that extra space for guns, as the French and British tried to do.

skooma512
Feb 8, 2012

You couldn't grok my race car, but you dug the roadside blur.

GlassEye-Boy posted:

for a article about NATO they sure seem concerned about a country on the other side of the world with no hostile actions against any of the alliance states.

A non white country having any power or being able to resist or outcompete the white countries is practically an act of war, since it will inevitably cause the white countries to start a war in order to stop this from continuing.

Delta-Wye
Sep 29, 2005

Jon Pod Van Damm posted:

Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

hey now, that submarine bit is a conspiracy theory and shouldn't be platformed



just like the, uh, *squints at wikipedia* the existence of a deep state in the us

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

Though I undermine my thesis, a little, because the Soviets revived the concept in the late 50's with cruise missile submarines, and while they were also large and ungainly, they were probably the number one threat at sea at the time. Instead of surfacing to use guns, they'd surface to fire cruise missiles, either at shore installations or carrier groups, and they were also excellent sea going vessels with wonderful cruising characteristics.

Ugly as sin, but charming in a way






The difference, if it needs to be said, is the range of a SS-N-3 Shaddock compared to a 1920's naval gun.

DJJIB-DJDCT has issued a correction as of 17:57 on Mar 1, 2024

The Oldest Man
Jul 28, 2003

If I were the USN right now I'd be looking at the Red Sea situation and seriously considering a semi-submersible surface combatant or arsenal ship given how much poo poo surface vessels are going to eat when faced with current-gen anti ship ballistic missiles, but then I'm not paid the big bucks to buy ships that melt in seawater

dk2m
May 6, 2009

DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

I just saw a book literally on that subject, almost exactly, but I can't remember the title or publisher.

Something Liberalism Iraq?

if you spot it again, would love to know

SMEGMA_MAIL posted:

Imperial Life in the Emerald City is a good read though it was written in 06

picked this one up and started it, great so far, thanks for the rec

BULBASAUR posted:

From family there, the ruling party and many of the institutions are considered to be in bed with Iran. I'm not sure of the politics of how this happened, but Iran has a much stronger influence there than the Americans.

I have also heard this - a lot has happened over 2 decades but for some reason, I’m having a really hard time finding non Atlantic Council type books/analysis on this topic. the best I’ve read has been the Army colleges own massive retrospective they released

SixteenShells
Sep 30, 2021

DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

Though I undermine my thesis, a little, because the Soviets revived the concept in the late 50's with cruise missile submarines, and while they were also large and ungainly, they were probably the number one threat at sea at the time. Instead of surfacing to use guns, they'd surface to fire cruise missiles, either at shore installations or carrier groups, and they were also excellent sea going vessels with wonderful cruising characteristics.

Ugly as sin, but charming in a way






The difference, if it needs to be said, is the range of a SS-N-3 Shaddock compared to a 1920's naval gun.

i love it, it's like something out of a pulp magazine or an early 80s space-is-an-ocean anime

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

The Oldest Man posted:

If I were the USN right now I'd be looking at the Red Sea situation and seriously considering a semi-submersible surface combatant or arsenal ship given how much poo poo surface vessels are going to eat when faced with current-gen anti ship ballistic missiles, but then I'm not paid the big bucks to buy ships that melt in seawater

It's better to just build many cargo ships, transports, tankers and oilers, and many cheap escorts and escort carriers, and accept that you'll have major losses in a major war.

It's just that doing so is so antithetical to the political economy that exists now it's really hard to express.

The Oldest Man
Jul 28, 2003

DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

It's better to just build many cargo ships, transports, tankers and oilers, and many cheap escorts and escort carriers, and accept that you'll have major losses in a major war.

It's just that doing so is so antithetical to the political economy that exists now it's really hard to express.

I'm not talking about a major war, I'm talking about what happens if you can't do imperialism anymore because the locals can wipe out your capital ships at will now

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

The Oldest Man posted:

I'm not talking about a major war, I'm talking about what happens if you can't do imperialism anymore because the locals can wipe out your capital ships at will now

Well, you'd be looking at cruisers and gunboats, and we have historical antecedent. The Royal Navy accounted for 40% of the state budget around 1900, and a huge portion of that cost was maintaining ships on foreign stations.

The problem is that the United States basically can't levy taxes, so can't maintain that sort of navy.

And again, while cruisers were expensive, most of the expense was machinery. They were not expected to be particularly formidable ships, having 7 naval guns with shielded mounts was a bit on the heavy side. Gunboats were similarly not particularly heavily armed, and were without the expensive machinery. In both cases, you need a naval presence, not by all-powerful warships that can accomplish any mission, but for routine duties, landing detachments, boarding, showing the flag, making calls at ports etc.

Really, if you think about it, USGC cutters would be the ideal ship for the US to maintain naval power. They would need to build them by the hundreds, but ships with comfortable accommodations that can cruise for long periods and are better armed than a merchantman or pirate skiff are really all that is required. OHP frigates would be right up there in the running too.

Imperialism is boring and logistical, and this idea of adding some flash with insanely complicated and expensive tools is self-defeating.

DJJIB-DJDCT has issued a correction as of 18:21 on Mar 1, 2024

dead gay comedy forums
Oct 21, 2011


Jon Pod Van Damm posted:

Y'all don't quote me on this. You start out in 1980 by saying, "SUBMARINES, INVASION, SUBMARINES". By 2000, you can't say "SUBMARINES"—that hurts you. Backfires. So you say stuff like ISLAMIC TERRORISM, DEMOCRACY and all that stuff. You're getting so abstract now [that] you're talking about SPREADING DEMOCRACY, and all these things you're talking about are totally political things and a byproduct of them is [that] Socialist parties get hurt worse than Bourgeois parties. And subconsciously maybe that is part of it. I'm not saying that. But I'm saying that if it is getting that abstract, and that coded, that we are doing away with the threat inflation problem one way or the other. You follow me—because obviously sitting around saying, "We want to DEMOCRACY this", is much more abstract than even the ISLAMIC TERRORISM thing, and a hell of a lot more abstract than "SUBMARINES, INVASION". So, any way you look at it, FEAR is coming on the back-burner.

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

Very funny that those were US and British submarines, by the way.

:sweden:

mawarannahr
May 21, 2019

thought of submarines and remembered this story. hehe
How did a $3 billion US Navy submarine hit an undersea mountain?

www.cnn.com - Fri, 05 Nov 2021 posted:

Some submariners call the USS Connecticut the luxury sports car of submarines. It’s a $3 billion piece of American military hardware that’s fast and outfitted with the latest electronic gadgetry only available when price is not a consideration.

But despite its high cost and sophisticated tech, the United States Navy says the Seawolf-class nuclear-powered attack sub ran smack into an undersea mountain in the Pacific on October 2.

The Connecticut is now pierside at a US Navy base on the Pacific island of Guam. The Navy says it got there – more than 1,800 miles (2,900 kilometers) east of the South China Sea – under its own power and its nuclear reactor was not harmed, although 11 of its crew of suffered minor injuries in the collision.

The Pentagon has not released details of the damage the vessel incurred nor how long it might be out of action in a region which, with the rise of the Chinese navy, is seeing growing demands on the US fleet.

Which leaves US military planners with some big questions to answer in the coming weeks and months.

Not the least of which is, how did this happen?

The Navy on Thursday gave a hint of what might have led to the accident when it relieved the Connecticut’s leadership of their command due to loss of confidence.

The commanding officer, Cmdr. Cameron Aljilani, was relieved of duty, as were the executive officer, Lt. Cmdr. Patrick Cashin, and the chief of the boat, Master Chief Sonar Technician Cory Rodgers.

Vice Adm. Karl Thomas, commander of US 7th Fleet, determined that “sound judgment, prudent decision-making and adherence to required procedures in navigation planning, watch team execution and risk management could have prevented the incident,” according to a statement about the decision.

The undersea environment is unforgiving and even small mistakes can have huge consequences.

“Submarining is hard, it’s really hard. Not everything goes right all the time,” said Thomas Shugart, who spent more than 11 years on US submarines, including commanding an attack sub.

Surface ships or a sub operating at periscope depth can relay on global positioning satellites to give sailors a very accurate location, said Shugart, now an adjunct senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security.

But at depth, the GPS systems are not available. Submariners use their compasses and charts.

Accurate charts (with a resolution of 328 feet or 100 meters) of the sea bottom are compiled by sending surface ships over an area and bathing the bottom in sound waves – a method called multi-beam sonar.

But the process is expensive and time consuming, leaving as much as 80% of Earth’s seafloor unmapped.

In the busy South China Sea, through which a third of the world’s maritime trade passes and where China has been building and militarily fortifying man-made islands, less than 50% of the sea bottom has been mapped, David Sandwell, a professor of geophysics at Scripps Institution of Oceanography in California, told CNN.

“It’s not surprising that you could run into something,” he said.

The US Navy has not said exactly where the Connecticut hit the seamount.

Officially, the service says it was in Indo-Pacific waters, but US defense officials had previously told CNN it occurred in the South China Sea.

Sandwell tried to narrow down the area.

Using a method called vertical gravity grading – taking satellite altimetry measurements of the Earth’s gravitational field – and overlaying those results with mapping of the bottom of the South China Sea, he was able to identify 27 places where the Connecticut could have hit a seamount that was not on US Navy charts.

“These are places where the gravity predicts there is something shallower than 400 meters (1,312 feet), around the depth where a submarine might run into it,” he said.

Officially, the Navy says Seawolf-class subs have a maximum depth of more than 243 meters (800 feet), although some experts put their maximum depth around double that.

Submarines do have their own sonar, but using it comes at a price – loss of stealthiness.

Those sonar pings – so ubiquitous in submarine movies – also give away the sub’s position to opposing forces.

“Sonar is your only way to look at the bottom, but you don’t want to put out more sound than you have to,” Shugart said.

“You’d have to do that about every 20 seconds or so,” to get an accurate picture, Sandwell said. “It makes a lot of noise.”

When it comes to knowing the terrain beneath them, even astronauts might have it easier than submariners, according to Shugart.

“Basically, the surface of the moon is better charted than the bottom of the ocean is,” he said.

The USS Connecticut isn’t the first US Navy sub to be involved in an underwater collision.

On January 8, 2005, the USS San Francisco, a Los Angeles-class attack submarine, struck a seamount about 350 miles (563 kilometers) south of Guam in the Pacific Ocean.

The incident killed one sailor and injured 97 others among the crew of 137.

A Navy investigation concluded the San Francisco was traveling at maximum speed at a depth of 525 feet (160 meters) when it hit the seamount, which was not on the chart the sub’s commanders were using at the time.

But the probe found the commanders should have known the undersea mountain was there based on other charts in their possession, which indicated a navigational hazard in the area.

“If San Francisco’s leaders and watchteams had complied with requisite procedures and exercised prudent navigation practices, the grounding would most likely have been avoided,” the Navy report said. “Even if not wholly avoided, however, the grounding would not have been as severe and loss of life may be been prevented.”

Other incidents have been less serious but illustrate the difficulties of maneuvering subs even in familiar waters.

For instance, in November 2015, the USS Georgia, an Ohio-class guided missile submarine, struck a channel buoy and grounded as it was returning to port in Kings Bay, Georgia.

The 18,000-ton, 560-foot-long (170 meters) sub sustained more than $1 million in damage and its captain was relieved of command.

And in 2003, the USS Hartford ran aground while entering a NATO base in Spain, resulting in a $9 million repair bill and its commander being relieved of duty. [in 2009 the Hartford would run into a transport dock in the strait of Hormuz]

Despite those incidents, Shugart, the former US Navy sub commander, defends the US Navy’s record under the sea.

“We have more submarines, they spend more time at sea, they go a lot farther away from home and they operate at higher speeds than probably anybody else’s,” he said.

“We do the most challenging submarine missions that anybody does and the farthest away from home,” he said, adding: “even the pros have bad days.”

The Connecticut is one of three Seawolf-class submarines in the US Navy fleet, each costing about $3 billion to build. The 9,300-ton, 353-foot sub, commissioned in 1998 and is crewed by 140 sailors.

Like all modern US Navy attack submarines, the Connecticut is powered by a nuclear reactor, which enables it to be fast but quiet, with none of the noise produced by a combustion engine. Nuclear power enables such subs to stay at sea and underwater as long as provisions for the crew hold out.

The Navy doesn’t give exact figures in publicizing the abilities of its submarine, but experts say the Seawolf-class is exceptional.

“These subs have some of the most advanced – in fact the most advanced – underwater capabilities in the business,” said Alessio Patalano, professor of war and strategy at King’s College in London.

The Navy says it is “exceptionally quiet, fast, well-armed, and equipped with advanced sensors.”

A Navy fact sheet says the Connecticut is capable of going faster than 28 mph (46.3 kph) under water. That’s faster than the average container or cargo ship on the surface of the sea and almost as fast as the US Navy’s Arleigh Burke-class destroyers.

As it is larger than even the newest Virginia-class attack subs, the Connecticut can carry more weaponry than other US attack submarines – including up to 50 torpedoes as well as Tomahawk cruise missiles, according to a US Navy fact sheet.

And despite being more than 20 years old, it’s also technologically advanced with updates to its systems performed during its service life.

Though the Navy doesn’t give details on the missions its submarines undertake, the three Seawolf-class subs are thought to be important intelligence-gathering assets, especially in shallower environments.

“The robust design of the Seawolf class enables these submarines to perform a wide spectrum of crucial military assignments – from underneath the Arctic icepack to littoral regions anywhere in the world,” the manufacturer, General Dynamics Electric Boat, says on its website.

“Their missions include surveillance, intelligence collection, special warfare, cruise missile strike, mine warfare, and anti-submarine and anti-surface ship warfare,” Electric Boat says.

With no combat taking place in the South China Sea, the focus of the sub in the current environment is likely to be in intelligence gathering.

And that’s why China is paying close attention.

Following the collision, Beijing has accused Washington of not being forthcoming about what happened and how it could affect countries around the South China Sea.

“We have repeatedly expressed our grave concern over the incident and asked the US side to take a responsible attitude and provide a detailed clarification so as to give a satisfactory account to the international community and countries in the region,” Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said this week.

The subject of nuclear-powered submarines has been prominent in Chinese state media over the past few months in the wake of Australia’s decision to acquire such vessels from the United States and the United Kingdom under a deal known as AUKUS.

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian said in September the AUKUS deal “seriously damages regional peace and stability.”

The Connecticut incident just added fuel to Beijing’s propaganda push.

Washington issued its first public statement on the collision five days after it occurred. It did not disclose the fact that the Connecticut hit a seamount until earlier this week, nearly a month after the incident.

US Navy officials told CNN on Wednesday the delays stemmed from concerns including keeping the damaged sub safe and ensuring a thorough investigation of the incident, as is standard.

“Due to operations security, we could not disclose the location of the submarine or the incident to the public at an earlier date,” Cmdr. Hayley Sims, a public affairs officer for the US 7th Fleet, said in an email.

Sims said two internal investigations were launched, one on the command of the sub and a second on safety procedures.

The first, she said, “determined USS Connecticut grounded on an uncharted seamount while operating in international waters in the Indo-Pacific region” and has been submitted to 7th Fleet commanders for review.

The second probe, being conducted by Submarine Force, US Pacific Fleet in Hawaii, is ongoing.

A spokesperson for the sub force, Cmdr. Cindy Fields, told CNN this week the submarine is in “a safe and stable condition” at the port in Guam.

“USS Connecticut’s nuclear propulsion plant and spaces were not affected and remain fully operational,” she said.

The Navy said Thursday the Connecticut would be moved to Bremerton, Washington, for repairs.

According to a report by the state-run Xinhua news agency, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Wang called on Washington to clarify “the intended navigation of the nuclear submarine, whether the specific location of the incident was in an exclusive economic zone or territorial sea of any other country, or whether the incident has caused nuclear leakage or damaged the marine environment.”

The US has not revealed any of those details, but when it comes to the South China Sea, Washington’s policy is consistent.

After a US destroyer performed a freedom of navigation operation in the waterway in September, a US 7th Fleet statement responded definitively to Chinese objections: “The United States will continue to fly, sail, and operate wherever international law allows,” the statement said. “Nothing (China) says otherwise will deter us.”

CNN’s Oren Liebermann and Barbara Starr contributed to this report.

funny stories
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Hartford_grounding

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Hartford_and_USS_New_Orleans_collision

Noosphere
Aug 31, 2008

[[[error]]] Damn not found.

The Navy has a peculiar attitude to fuckups : despite the fact that a contributing factor to the grounding was the fact that the captain had assumed command weeks before the cruise and therefore couldn't have been up to speed, they still relieved him of command.

Being commanding officer of a ship seems to be a real make or break moment of any senior naval career.

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

Noosphere posted:

Being commanding officer of a ship seems to be a real make or break moment of any senior naval career.

lol I know you're being sincere but that's a very funny observation

The Oldest Man
Jul 28, 2003

DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

Well, you'd be looking at cruisers and gunboats, and we have historical antecedent. The Royal Navy accounted for 40% of the state budget around 1900, and a huge portion of that cost was maintaining ships on foreign stations.

The problem is that the United States basically can't levy taxes, so can't maintain that sort of navy.

And again, while cruisers were expensive, most of the expense was machinery. They were not expected to be particularly formidable ships, having 7 naval guns with shielded mounts was a bit on the heavy side. Gunboats were similarly not particularly heavily armed, and were without the expensive machinery. In both cases, you need a naval presence, not by all-powerful warships that can accomplish any mission, but for routine duties, landing detachments, boarding, showing the flag, making calls at ports etc.

Really, if you think about it, USGC cutters would be the ideal ship for the US to maintain naval power. They would need to build them by the hundreds, but ships with comfortable accommodations that can cruise for long periods and are better armed than a merchantman or pirate skiff are really all that is required. OHP frigates would be right up there in the running too.

Imperialism is boring and logistical, and this idea of adding some flash with insanely complicated and expensive tools is self-defeating.

At the end of the day, imperialism and colonialism both work because the imperial or colonial state can wield a significant military advantage over the target. My point here is that these extractive economics stops working when you roll up to a nice juicy resource-rich country with a lower level of economic development than yours to steal their poo poo and/or land and despite the economic disparity between you and them, their weapons beat yours.

HouseofSuren
Feb 5, 2024

by Pragmatica
The US levies the expenses on its own citizens with min maxing the cost of every commodity, good, and service. They call it 'inflation'.

Sooner you figure out your enemies are all here the better off you'll be, and we'll solve this all here, instead of somewhere foreign.

The Oldest Man
Jul 28, 2003

HouseofSuren posted:

The US levies the expenses on its own citizens with min maxing the cost of every commodity, good, and service. They call it 'inflation'.

Sooner you figure out your enemies are all here the better off you'll be, and we'll solve this all here, instead of somewhere foreign.

I mean keep in mind FF here would be perfectly happy to crank the gears of empire if they still worked, it's literally his job

mawarannahr
May 21, 2019

The Oldest Man posted:

I mean keep in mind FF here would be perfectly happy to crank the gears of empire if they still worked, it's literally his job

he would drop the bomb if ordered to

Noosphere
Aug 31, 2008

[[[error]]] Damn not found.

DJJIB-DJDCT posted:

lol I know you're being sincere but that's a very funny observation

It does come off as extremely naïve. But in all these cases, those on the rungs above captain of a ship never face any consequence for their part in the fiasco, like for example setting an unreasonable op tempo, or letting manpower shortages get to the point where all crews are exhausted. So yeah, if you survive your command without any bad luck, you can fly your desk to a guaranteed retirement and cushy MIC job.

The Oldest Man
Jul 28, 2003

Noosphere posted:

It does come off as extremely naïve. But in all these cases, those on the rungs above captain of a ship never face any consequence for their part in the fiasco, like for example setting an unreasonable op tempo, or letting manpower shortages get to the point where all crews are exhausted. So yeah, if you survive your command without any bad luck, you can fly your desk to a guaranteed retirement and cushy MIC job.

captaining a ship is a suckers game these days, much better to get in on that naval special warfare grift

KomradeX
Oct 29, 2011

Noosphere posted:

The Navy has a peculiar attitude to fuckups : despite the fact that a contributing factor to the grounding was the fact that the captain had assumed command weeks before the cruise and therefore couldn't have been up to speed, they still relieved him of command.

Being commanding officer of a ship seems to be a real make or break moment of any senior naval career.

Its real the buck stops here stuff, unless you shoot down the airliner of a country we don't like, than its medals and never apologizing

Hatebag
Jun 17, 2008


is there any reason a sub couldn't have slbms that are anti-ship or just conventional cruise missiles? if they can haul around a few dozen tridents the size of semi-trucks it seems like they could carry a bunch of smaller conventional missiles and just go ham firing off tomahawks. a little napkin math shows an ohio sub fitted for tomahawks could carry about 890 god damned missiles lmao

StashAugustine
Mar 24, 2013

Do not trust in hope- it will betray you! Only faith and hatred sustain.

KomradeX posted:

Its real the buck stops here stuff, unless you shoot down the airliner of a country we don't like, than its medals and never apologizing

If you gently caress up, be sure to do so in such a publicly embarrassing way that the US is forced to pretend it didn't happen

DJJIB-DJDCT
Feb 1, 2024

Hatebag posted:

is there any reason a sub couldn't have slbms that are anti-ship or just conventional cruise missiles? if they can haul around a few dozen tridents the size of semi-trucks it seems like they could carry a bunch of smaller conventional missiles and just go ham firing off tomahawks. a little napkin math shows an ohio sub fitted for tomahawks could carry about 890 god damned missiles lmao

It was trialed in the 90's iirc but the retirement of the older subs and the Seawolf class never entering service in the numbers that had been hoped for led to attack subs taking over the Tomahawk mission.

StashAugustine posted:

If you gently caress up, be sure to do so in such a publicly embarrassing way that the US is forced to pretend it didn't happen

Wikipedia: TWA Flight 800 conspiracy theories

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bij
Feb 24, 2007

Hatebag posted:

is there any reason a sub couldn't have slbms that are anti-ship or just conventional cruise missiles? if they can haul around a few dozen tridents the size of semi-trucks it seems like they could carry a bunch of smaller conventional missiles and just go ham firing off tomahawks. a little napkin math shows an ohio sub fitted for tomahawks could carry about 890 god damned missiles lmao

There are four Ohio class subs that are exactly this. They also removed a pair of ballistic missile tubes for secret squirrel airlock stuff.

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