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Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

bort posted:

What's to not understand?
code:
interface gi 0/0
  vlan disable
  layer 3 enable mode everywhere
  end
copy run start

Wow, I guess that is one way to put it.

e: Meh.

Herv fucked around with this message at 20:04 on Feb 12, 2009

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Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Hrm, does this look like a memory misconfiguration, bad system (packet) memory, or one of the interfaces has bad memory? I am voting for bad system memory but does anyone else have an idea here?

Router Burn Victim posted:


Feb 16 02:25:40.580: %SYS-2-GETBUF: Bad getbuffer, bytes= 60389 -Process= "IP Input", ipl= 0, pid= 64, -Traceback= 0x604D738C 0x6058643C 0x6083B780 0x6083C684 0x608283A0 0x608299A4 0x60829DBC 0x60829E3C 0x6082A040

The unit has 256mb of memory, with 20 percent to packet memory.

Here's the show mem:

Router Burn Victim posted:


3660-3#sh memory statistics
Head Total(b) Used(b) Free(b) Lowest(b) Largest(b)
Processor 65B16320 119446752 22598416 96848336 95678856 94638092
I/O CD00000 53477376 2815768 50661608 50500448 50233148


History of this 3660 was a serious building cooling system failure. Was 130 F in the telco room we were told. I told the boss all bets are off on this unit 6 months ago when it happened. The unit was put together from spare parts 6 years ago and had uptimes of over a year here and there. What a way to die for the old soldier. :smith:

I already started hoarding the parts for a new one, but hey there might not be anything wrong with the existing router and I am just a dumbass.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

routenull0 posted:

I wouldn't hold a door open with a 3660 router. We deployed so many that went bad, that Cisco ended up buying them back from us when they admitted the platform was terrible.

What version of code?


Its running a pretty recent version of 12.4


3660-3#sh ver
Cisco IOS Software, 3600 Software (C3660-JK9O3S-M), Version 12.4(15)T8, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3)

Now I really want to dump that sucker.

Thanks

Oh do you have a link to that documentation in case i have to poke around some more?

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

routenull0 posted:

I just dumped your error out put in the tool on cisco's site, just login with your CCO.

Cool thanks, I am missing a good amount of things like that. Gotta try to get onboard again.

Thinking about it, I guess the only way you will get a good 3660 is if you use all known good parts hehe.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Have you seen similar behavior outside the T train? T train is the pain train.

You know I haven't seen this with another image. I think it's been in for a few months though. The problems have shown up rather recently.

I looked in the tftp server and this was up there, looks to be recent. I slapped it into the poor thing, let's see how the week goes!

3660-3#sh ver
Cisco IOS Software, 3600 Software (C3660-JK9O3S-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Compiled Sun 09-Nov-08 00:28 by prod_rel_team

In the area of memory management here's the split:

Cisco 3660 (R527x) processor (revision 1.0) with 209920K/52224K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB042088J1
R527x CPU at 225MHz, Implementation 40, Rev 10.0, 2048KB L2 Cache

The image calls for 128mb, and theres just under 52mb for packet memory so I would think I am not blowing out the router queues.

Thanks for the suggestion, I was figuring it was hardware related considering the serious cooking it took, but hey who knows!

Stay tuned packet slinging fans.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Have you seen similar behavior outside the T train? T train is the pain train.

Well, its been a few days and the error message isn't showing up in the logs. It was quite frequent so would have shown up by now.

What is somewhat confusing is that there are three of these routers, all with the same hardware build and IOS image. Only 1 is giving the error, and it was the one that got cooked.

Oh well, we got our RoI on that sucker. Over 6 years it was only rebooted for new IOS images. Still going to replace all three of the 3660's, maybe snag one for the home study.

Thanks for suggesting to zap in another image, I had thought this was all hardware.

Cheers

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Haydez posted:

I have a bunch of equipment I'd like to stop having to micro-manage login and passwords on. I ended up finding some walkthroughs online getting it to work with the Microsoft IAS (Radius) implementation in my test environment. Unfortunately I can't get this to work with any setting besides PAP which is unencrypted. The bosses wont stand for that even if it is on a secured network.

Is there something else I should be looking into? I was originally going to setup a VM with FreeRadius but the IAS stuff looked pretty straightforward, especially on the DC. Even though it's not Cisco oriented, anyone have any reccomendations on a Radius for Dumbasses book/tutorial? There's nothing on Safari that I see and it's a pretty big huge mindfuck to find a place to start comprehending it.

Did you try to sniff that PAP login? :)

The secret keys you use are to make an md5 hash of the credentials. Granted it's not aes256 encryption, but if this is on private lans I wouldn't (and don't) worry about it.

quote:

The RADIUS protocol does not transmit passwords in cleartext between the NAS and RADIUS server (not even with PAP protocol). Rather, a shared secret is used along with the MD5 hashing algorithm to obfuscate passwords. Because MD5 is not considered to be a very strong protection of the user's credentials, additional protection - such as IPsec tunnels - should be used to further encrypt the RADIUS traffic. The user's credentials are the only part protected by RADIUS itself, but other user-specific attributes passed by RADIUS may be considered sensitive or private information as well. Please refer to the references for more details on this subject.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS

I use IAS for nas and network authentication, looks great in audits because they are used to a windows format. Tac_plus is great for accounting info.

E: Anyone ever experience auth-proxy timers not working when you set them to over 8 hours?

Cheers

Herv fucked around with this message at 10:48 on Feb 25, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Be aware of the IOS requirements for dot1q fast ethernet subinterfaces. I have a boatload of 2621s that don't have the RAM to support it, and that came as a big and disappointing surprise. XM is a more capable processor and I think they'll take more RAM, overall, but they're still expensive, as you've noticed.

As for CCNP, I can't answer that directly, but I think they're testing on 12.4 features now.

For what it's worth, I get my memory from this place. $28 plus 7$ shipping isn't that much of a crusher. It's hopefully the same shipping charge if you grab a few sets.

3rd Party Memory for 2600's

I have had no issues using the 3rd party with the 2621's, I use them at homes that have rack's in the basements for dmvpn, they run like a top.

I hope you get the same mileage.

jwh posted:

Also, have you considered a 3640? They can run 12.4 code, so they're good bang for the buck, despite the higher cost.

I got one of those from the junk pile. The NVRAM is bad so it has to boot and grab it's config from tftp. Still glad to have it.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

inignot posted:

I'm currently sitting in a colo cage exploring the dark heart of the sup2. I need a particular IOS version to support the FWSM. I have it on a 64M flash card in the Sup. However there is a minimum rommon version required to boot from the 64M flash card. This is awful.

Does the module support tftp boot? Just thinking of another way to get at the file on the flash card without directly mounting the file system for a boot.

Edit: This is the closest thing I could find about the internal loopback addresses of the modules in 5 mins before coffee. But it would look more like:

Loading myimage.bin from 127.0.0.7

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! OK

Just in the interest of cisco product prosperity, of course. :)

This is talking about adding ACL's to deny access to these loopback addresses/devices. Not what address sup-slot0 uses at the moment.

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_response09186a00808ca009.html

In case I read it wrong, and it's just getting a better image on the sup, you will need a boot-image loaded from bootflash to get up enough to do the internal tftp download on the sup2.

Pretty sure I used this to get out of a squeeze (not a flash card pun) in the past.

Herv fucked around with this message at 12:48 on Mar 19, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Powercrazy posted:

Is it a CatOS or Hybrid sup? Because if it is, hooboy, are you in for a world of poo poo.

If it's a hybrid, wouldn't the boot sequence be:

Boot COS from sup-bootflash.

Boot Skinny IOS from msfc's bootflash: (boot bootldr)

Download full featured IOS from sup-slot0's EOBC addy: (boot system tftp)

Or there's 32mb flash on the MSFC2 you can skip the skinny boot I am pretty sure.

Boot full featured IOS.

I got raked over the coals converting a sup2/msfc2 to native when the sup had a PFC1 processor instead of a PFC2 (suprise!). Pretty sure it worked after it reset the PFC1 and reloaded, been a while and I am prone to forgetting some nightmares, sorry.

If it's native shouldn't it be:

Boot IOS from sup-slot0:

Transfer control to MSFC.

Boot Skinny IOS from msfc-bootflash:

Download and boot Full IOS from sup-slot0's internal EOBC IP address.

Hybrid is a lot easier if you have 32mb bootflash on the MSFC2.

If the first native boot from the sup-slot0:is where the rommon limitation resides I would try a skinny boot from the bootflash: and see if I could access the sup-slot0: from its loopback address.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Well, I normally don't put policies inbound on a nat outside interface, but in the interest of trying to help out here's a quick and dirty policy routing example:

interface FastEthernet1/0.3
encapsulation dot1Q 3
ip address 151.xxx.xx.xxx 255.255.255.0
ip policy route-map foo.bar.com

Apply the policy on the interface (fa4) you want it active on.

In the interest of cleanliness I would try to get both policy routes into a class/policy map. To be honest I haven't tried to do this with NAT and what not. Try it out and see what you get if you can test safely.

class-map match-all foo.com
match protocol http url "foo.com"
class-map match-all bar.com
match protocol http url "bar.com"

policy-map foo.com
class foo.com
policy-map bar.com
class bar.com

route-map foo.bar.com permit 10
match policy-list foo.com
set ip next-hop 192.168.1.100
!
route-map foo.bar.com permit 20
match policy-list bar.com
set ip next-hop 192.168.1.200

Send me beer if it works.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

SqueakovaPeep posted:

I have a really quick question. I have looked everywhere, and it has to be something simple.

I have a cisco ASA 5505. I want all the private IPs to be static, listing the asa as the DNS server.

I have the DNS set up inside the firewall, but it seems that the only way that will work is if I set up DHCP. Is there some trick I am missing?

Hrm, worst case set up a reverse pat/nat statement that takes all udp 53 (clients) tcp 53 (servers) on the inside interface and forward them to a public dns server?

Only seen the inside ip address of the broadband interface listed as the dns server in home networking products.

edit: wasn't sure if he had dns resolvers only or some server action

Herv fucked around with this message at 07:03 on Mar 29, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
I definitely used the QoS features on my voice traffic through the PIX with the 7.x OS came out, and since thereafter. I would bet 5 bucks it still exists in the ASA's, if unlocked.

I remember it being a class map and policy type of approach. Shouldn't get too nasty especially if you come here with something specific. I only have a couple asa 5505's that are probably crippled for this feature.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Oops, missed the part where it was coming down. Sorry for skimming.

I normally policy route web traffic off to a cheap broadband circuit these days (Cable, FiOS, DSL worst case). If getting more bandwidth on the primary pipe is too expensive, its an option at least.

Jwh is on with the caching as well.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Agrikk posted:

"Extendable" is added automatically to the end of the statement. I tried removing a line and then readding it without the extendable at the end, but the line appeared in my running config with it added.

Also, I tried the workaround suggestion of reloading the router, but it didn't help. I don't have support for this router anymore so I don't have access to newer flavors of the IOS.

Hrm this just doesn't seem to add up. If you can, remove all the nat configuration and start over with this. I wonder if as soon as one static nat statement is extendable, all have to be as well.

access-list 110 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
access-list 110 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255
access-list 110 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
access-list 110 permit ip 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255 any
access-list 110 permit ip 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255 any

ip nat inside source list 110 interface Ethernet0/0 overload

ip nat inside source static tcp 10.1.0.10 22 Interface Ethernet 0/0 22
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27900 Interface Ethernet0/0 27900
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27910 Interface Ethernet0/0 27910
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27901 Interface Ethernet0/0 27901
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27902 Interface Ethernet0/0 27902
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27903 Interface Ethernet0/0 27903
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27904 Interface Ethernet0/0 27904
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27905 Interface Ethernet0/0 27905
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27906 Interface Ethernet0/0 27906
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27907 Interface Ethernet0/0 27907
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27908 Interface Ethernet0/0 27908
ip nat inside source static udp 10.1.0.10 27909 Interface Ethernet0/0 27909


Unless you have to have outbound ip's come from the 33 just leave it if it works.

The one thing that doesn't look good to me is the inside global and local ports aren't matching up. The first two columns. Although badly named they should show the mapping of ports on the outside interface to the inside host. Your outside port is wack. Here's some of my active translations, UDP and TCP. Mine are symmetrical, what's on the outside is on the inside.

Thank goodness for find and replace.

code:
herv-fw#sh ip nat translations
Pro Inside global         Inside local          Outside local         Outside global
tcp 96.232.180.X:32000   10.10.1.2:32000       58.62.220.124:37231   58.62.220.124:37231
tcp 96.232.180.X:32000   10.10.1.2:32000       79.179.17.117:2463    79.179.17.117:2463
tcp 96.232.180.X:32000   10.10.1.2:32000       87.101.154.10:3595    87.101.154.10:3595
tcp 96.232.180.X:32000   10.10.1.2:32000       ---                   ---
tcp 96.232.180.X:49168   10.10.1.2:49168       69.25.21.229:12975    69.25.21.229:12975
tcp 96.232.180.X:49171   10.10.1.2:49171       139.78.138.54:54724   139.78.138.54:54724
tcp 96.232.180.X:49278   10.10.1.2:49278       82.234.171.8:53926    82.234.171.8:53926
tcp 96.232.180.X:49294   10.10.1.2:49294       82.234.171.8:53926    82.234.171.8:53926
tcp 96.232.180.X:49307   10.10.1.2:49307       24.125.190.95:24703   24.125.190.95:24703
tcp 96.232.180.X:49332   10.10.1.2:49332       81.65.134.182:21469   81.65.134.182:21469
tcp 96.232.180.X:49349   10.10.1.2:49349       87.101.154.10:60734   87.101.154.10:60734
tcp 96.232.180.X:49366   10.10.1.2:49366       200.7.40.36:50072     200.7.40.36:50072
tcp 96.232.180.X:49423   10.10.1.2:49423       81.65.134.182:21469   81.65.134.182:21469
tcp 96.232.180.X:49439   10.10.1.2:49439       82.234.171.8:53926    82.234.171.8:53926
tcp 96.232.180.X:49478   10.10.1.2:49478       200.7.40.36:50072     200.7.40.36:50072
tcp 96.232.180.X:49483   10.10.1.2:49483       82.234.171.8:53926    82.234.171.8:53926
tcp 96.232.180.X:49519   10.10.1.2:49519       81.65.134.182:21469   81.65.134.182:21469
tcp 96.232.180.X:49528   10.10.1.2:49528       24.125.190.95:24703   24.125.190.95:24703
tcp 96.232.180.X:49540   10.10.1.2:49540       82.234.171.8:53926    82.234.171.8:53926

udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       24.178.111.163:2109   24.178.111.163:2109
udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       69.140.228.65:41205   69.140.228.65:41205
udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       72.76.33.155:14624    72.76.33.155:14624
udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       72.253.211.132:62485  72.253.211.132:62485
udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       80.192.170.151:43788  80.192.170.151:43788
udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       90.149.44.14:50518    90.149.44.14:50518
udp 96.232.180.X:62996   10.10.1.2:62996       219.126.146.7:14966   219.126.146.7:14966

edit: added nat statement for the 10.2 network.

Herv fucked around with this message at 05:35 on Apr 17, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Agrikk posted:

Thanks Herv!

I remote into the site to do edits, and removing all of the NAT statements will kick me off, so I'm going to have to go to my colo to make the changes.

If you are lazy and adventurous, and don't have much to lose just erase your startup config and zap the modified config over using tftp.

e.g.
wr net (to a tftp server on your PC)
<modify config for NAT, save file>
erase start
copy tftp start

Reload!

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

oversteer posted:

My network experience with Cisco consists of managing 3548/2950 etc switches.

I need to be able to set up a VPN tunnel so that machines on our datacentre network can access machines on our office network. At the moment we do this via pptp running on our server, which gives the server an IP address on our office network.

But next steps involve having three or four servers and I can't do pptp for each one... so would prefer to do it in hardware and if I can achieve this functionality in the switch, even better.

Would something like a PIX be usable for this?

Yep, the simple answer is a PIX, ASA or IOS Firewall enabled router. One VPN tunnel capable device must function as an endpoint at each site. (e.g. PIX to IOS FW, or ASA to Checkpoint)

At first glance it looks like the 3548XL wont do it. Pretty sure a 3750 would.

PIX is end of life'd, not sure what that means for your management. I have to get rid of mine at some point in the next year or so.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

tortilla_chip posted:

This sounds more like someone doing ARP spoofing on your management net.

For most places, I can use static ARP entries on the important stuff so this doesn't happen. Worst case, when a gateway has to be replaced due to a failure, you just slap the old mac on the new gateway interface.

My :10bux: is on just a dupe IP assignment, not poison arp. Comparing the mac addresses (console cable on the switch I guess) to what's in your arp table sounds like where the trail will start.

I am sure we have all been fooled by less at one time or another. Public Humiliation it is! :)

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Plug the first 3 bytes into the MAC OUI database lookup: http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml

Another :10bux: on the card is a Broadcomm, Intel, or maybe 3com. :)

Oh and 'the trail will start' part meant checking where that mac address is connected to your network/switchport.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

falz posted:

That's a linux kernel version, which has nothing to do with FreeBSD. You sure someone didn't just modify the banner to confuse people or be funny?

God that would be a dick move and I would be out my :10bux:.

Here's one that will secure anything, the bats do it.

code:
banner motd 
                    |>>>          |>>>>
                    |             |
                    |>>>      _  _|_  _         |>>>
                    |        |;| |;| |;|        |
                _  _|_  _    \\.    .  /    _  _|_  _
               |;|_|;|_|;|    \\:. ,  /    |;|_|;|_|;|
               \\..      /    ||;   . |    \\.    .  /
                \\.  ,  /     ||:  .  |     \\:  .  /
                 ||:   |_   _ ||_ . _ | _   _||:   |
                 ||:  .|||_|;|_|;|_|;|_|;|_|;||:.  |
                 ||:   ||.    .     .      . ||:  .|
                 ||: . || .     . .   .  ,   ||:   |       \,/
                 ||:   ||:  ,  _______   .   ||: , |            /`\
                 ||:   || .   /+++++++\    . ||:   |
                 ||:   ||.    |+++++++| .    ||: . |
              __ ||: . ||: ,  |+++++++|.  . _||_   |
     ____--`~    '--~~__|.    |+++++__|----~    ~`---,              ___
-~--~                   ~---__|,--~'                  ~~----_____-~'
MAC Hunt: Wait, what? poo poo... I swear it was going this way, back up man.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
I would say all bets are off until the config is bypassed, as stated before. Before the xmodem download at least.

Someone is definitely a funny guy. No one took my bet, would have pay pal'd it too!

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Hey there. You used to have:

crypto map toCottage interface outside

Now you have:

crypto map raMap interface outside

One crypto map per interface, at least that's how it used to work.

What you want to do is make sure the same crypto map is used, but with separate sequence numbers. I always put a higher number than what is in use, to keep my assburgers at bay.

Hope this helps.

Edit: a loose example.

crypto dynamic-map raDynMap 30 set transform-set raVPN
crypto map OutsideMap 20 ipsec-isakmp
crypto map OutsideMap 20 match address vpn
crypto map OutsideMap 20 set peer cottage-pix
crypto map OutsideMap 20 set transform-set strong
crypto map OutsideMap 30 ipsec-isakmp dynamic raDynMap


Since crypto maps are applied to interfaces, I name them after the interface, then put descriptions in each of the separate crypto maps themselves.

Former 'PIX Classic' survivor here, I can taste the pain and bewilderment! :)

Herv fucked around with this message at 21:45 on Jul 2, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

GerbilNut posted:

Anyone have any clue what i'm doing wrong?

Hrm, on the surface things look good. Someone would have pointed something out by now I would think.

Just curious, what source IP addresses are the mail servers using? Is that their only IP?

192.168.111.240 and .250, when they send email to each other (do a telnet SMTP session) what shows up in the server SMTP logs? (You might have to enable logging) I am wondering if the ASA is seeing a different IP address than the one you are listing. I have had that issue plenty of times before if the server/switch has multiple IP's.

You can also look at it from the other end and see what the ASA logs say (might have to enable logging for the rules you are setting, check the GUI if you have to and read the logs there). See what is getting denied outbound on 25 when you apply that access list.

I think your problem may be with the traffic flow, not the config on the FW. Just a hunch.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

GerbilNut posted:

I finally tracked it down and it looks like the mail server was not sending out on the .250 address like it was supposed to. The SMTP server was configured to do so, but it was coming from another address on the nic, .254 which screwed up everything.

So that's fixed and blocking, yay. But our outbound address is still blocked in a bunch of RBL's. Is it possible to setup a route somehow that all outbound smtp traffic from .254 uses a different IP?

The following static routes were setup, but i don't know if it's possible to do an outbound route, like smtp traffic from .254 appears to come from xx.xx.190.245 for example.

static (inside,outside) tcp xx.xx.190.242 smtp 192.168.111.240 smtp netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) tcp xx.xx.190.242 pop3 192.168.111.250 pop3 netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) tcp xx.xx.190.244 www 192.168.111.250 www netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) tcp xx.xx.190.245 www 192.168.111.252 www netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) tcp xx.xx.190.242 www 192.168.111.240 www netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) tcp xx.xx.190.245 1468 192.168.111.254 1468 netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) udp xx.xx.190.245 syslog 192.168.111.254 syslog netmask 255.255.255.255

Yep, the public IP address will be what the 5505 is NAT'ing the .250 on (not the base outside ip address). To keep things simple, start with a one to one static nat for the SMTP server. Just get things going with the 250 on SMTP before you PAT stuff out to multiple hosts and whatnot. That may be blowing things up, I haven't tried to PAT out to multiple hosts in a long time, but that's what inbound rotary NAT used to do when you needed a poor mans load balancer so meh, just start with the single NAT 1 to 1 for your .250.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

reborn posted:

Completely out of left field but...

I'm continuing to do more and more work with Cisco devices for clients and am currently on track going through certification exams like my life depended upon it but I have one bothersome question.

What does everyone use for configuration version control and the like. Perferably someone who deals with multiple clients.

For configuration I use Notepad++ with a custom userlanguage for highlighting important items incase I miss them. I also currently just manually tftp a config before and after any changes are made. Seeing as how I've been the lead engineer for two major projects that span over 50 devices each I've been having a rough time keeping things updated and the like.

I doubt my company will drop the coin on something like Solarwind's Orion config manager so any recommendations that don't cost upwards of $2000 would be appreciated. (Especially opensource or free ones!)

RANCID should do what you want. For hand storing multiple copies of documents you can use Visual Source Safe or CVS or some other version control system.

RANCID's Clogin is next to godly.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Ugh. On-box licensing here we come. What could possibly go wrong?

Looks like 'Party over Wayne'. I wish they left this to their firewalls.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Tony Montana posted:

I Am I going to try and leave my current job with my new CCNA and the experience I've got, to find most employers looking at me weird when I say 'oh no, I've never used UNIX/Linux'. Most of the ISP Cisco guys I talk to don't even have Windows workstations if they wanted them, it's all UNIX.

To be honest it does sound a bit weird to me, but not crazy. Especially if you naturally don't like being confused and befuddled and prefer a comfort zone. Even with a woman to keep happy I have lost many a weekend deep diving into something new.

One of the main draws for me is the challenge of 'I bet I can get this to do everything that <x> did, it's just a little different'.

I have lost many a weekend on unix/linux, sys-v/bsd adventure. In truth I lost nothing, gained a lot! Maybe I am a 'dented can' but I will not lie, I love immersing myself in things, and unix fits the bill sometimes.

http://admin.com/

The LSAH and USAH are probably worth their weight in gold to you right now. Read them like the holy books they are. ;)

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Cisco short question:

For those with full routes, how much memory are you currently using?

What does your "BGP using <21603220> total bytes of memory" say?

Just curious, thanks.

Richard Noggin posted:

Thanks for this, it works perfectly now.

The thread never loses. The thread always wins!

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

ragzilla posted:

code:
ASH>show ip bgp summ
284277 network entries using 34397517 bytes of memory
628790 path entries using 32697080 bytes of memory
219285/54989 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 16665660 bytes of memory
96838 BGP AS-PATH entries using 2542600 bytes of memory

CHI>show ip bgp summ
284309 network entries using 34401389 bytes of memory
612438 path entries using 31846776 bytes of memory
212939/53786 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 16183364 bytes of memory
93740 BGP AS-PATH entries using 2469600 bytes of memory
Both are 2 full feeds + ~50 peering sessions + iBGP prefixes (~350)

Interesting. If my math is correct (doubtful) ASH is using 82 MB memory and CHI is using just under 81 MB for BGP. I was expecting closer to 256 MB, although I haven't looked at a full table in 9 years or so.

Thanks for the numbers.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Are you confusing the memory size of the BGP RIB with the installed FIB? On hardware forwarding platforms, it's the installed FIB which often teetered on the edge of 256k entries, which was the TCAM limit on a number of platforms such as Sup32 or non XL 720s (I think).

I confuse easily for sure, but yes I was asking about the Active BGP Entries (FIB). In short, how much memory was taken up by the actual routing table. Do you know how to check the size of the RIB? Show ip cef <something?>

When I compare my active BGP routing memory allocation to the global process, the memory overhead is certainly more globally (as you would expect).

Just an example:

code:
Router#sh ip bgp sum
BGP router identifier 209.230.198.x, local AS number 26xxx
BGP table version is 278667, main routing table version 278667
109218 network entries using 12778506 bytes of memory
109222 path entries using 5679544 bytes of memory
21130/21128 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 2620120 bytes of memory
18596 BGP AS-PATH entries using 533756 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 21611926 total bytes of memory   <-- this was the main metric I was interested in.
BGP activity 134215/24994 prefixes, 138201/28979 paths, scan interval 60 secs
So this says 20.6 MB to me for the FIB (Partial routes - Sprint)

code:
Router#sh proc mem | inc BGP
 229   0  105248420     539188   55581840          0          0 BGP Router
 231   0          0   47551452       6972          0          0 BGP I/O
 232   0          0      65588       9972          0          0 BGP Scanner
So this says (to me) BGP Router has allocated 100MB, with 53MB in use.

What dark things are going on inside the BGP process?

Cheers

e:

jwh posted:

Eh, I do okay. I'm pretty much right in the middle of the pay-scale bell curve for a tier 3 network engineer living in a tertiary market. If I went and got a CCNA or CCNP I could probably rake more dollars. Or if I moved to a city.

You are not alone on that one, (no certs) my CCNA was based on the Introduction to Cisco Router Configuration curriculum, and my CCNP was based on the ACRC (1998-1999). Your average CCNA today would probably light me up with new facts and information, and remembering stuff I had forgotten from lack of use.

One of these days... I might just dust off that horse again. Screw the city though.

Herv fucked around with this message at 20:14 on Jul 9, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

jwh posted:

Well, on a hardware forwarding platform (ie. 6500) you can use 'show mls cef summary' to show how many routes and of what type are installed into CEF (ie., FIB).

On both hardware and software forwarding platforms, use 'show ip route summary' to list the number of routes and size of the RIBs.

Obviously you don't have the FIB limitation on software forwarding boxes, and are primarily RAM limited instead.

Ragz probably has a much better understanding of this than I do, since he has multiple full feeds to hardware forwarding platforms, whereas I don't have any full feeds these days.
Yep, I am just using software router for this, so my memory is under scrutiny here.

The show ip route summary is what threw me off the trail actually. I was expecting to see a much larger metric for the RIB. Either that or I am reading this incorrectly. Was going to post it in the last one but the numbers didn't help me.

code:
Router#sh ip route summary
IP routing table name is Default-IP-Routing-Table(0)
IP routing table maximum-paths is 16
Route Source    Networks    Subnets     Overhead    Memory (bytes)
connected       1           7           576         1088
static          1           0           72          136
eigrp 1         0           14          1008        1904
bgp 26xxx       55029       54103       7857504     14856232
  External: 108400 Internal: 732 Local: 0
internal        1483                                1714348
Total           56514       54124       7859160     16573708
Removing Queue Size 0
That's ok though, I am not losing sleep over it, I am just going to watch the BGP Router process since it seems to be the one place to check for global memory allocation related to BGP.

Ragz, if you have a chance could you give us a 'show proc mem | inc BGP' please?

Thanks folks.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

TheBoohi posted:

Does anyone have a good reference for Cisco ASA configurations? The samples in the Cisco guide are good, but I am going to be setting up a 5520 without using private addressing on the inside. We have a whole class B space and will have 100.100.10.x on the outside with 100.100.x.x on the inside (for example). The routes and NAT statements are all different enough that their examples end up being confusing.

Sorry I don't have anything like config references, but you just want to do a NAT 0 (0 means do NOT NAT, well it used to*) Sub netting should be the same, if you are going to bust out some of your class B for use in front of the FW.

Anything specific should get answered here within a workday.

*NAT 0 is way over 10 years old so not sure if something new came along.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Clogin from the RANCID tool will do it pretty easy. Just need to put the host commands and login info into some easy to make config files. Pretty sure the tool is just a package now for a lotta distros. It was a package in FreeBSD, started getting some really stupid problems compiling the dependencies so just said gently caress it and pkg_add'd my way to a coffee break.

Came back, edited the files, and I can clear my auth proxy at the end of the night since the timeouts don't work in my current IOS version. (Upgrading the sups this Friday)

For SNMP I believe it's Net SNMP

With this thing you can get all sorts of real time bandwidth, cpu, anything, on a color graph. Oh yeah, will send all sorts of SNMP traps too.

Clogin (and expect I'm sure) will be the short path, cron it out if you want or invoke as needed.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Jwh was very close with the ip nat statement. Everything else was absolutely correct.

ip nat inside source list 100 interface FastEthernet4 overload

Looks like you have an 871w. I am assuming you want the wireless to be on the same lan as the 4 inside ports and all (10.0.0.1-253). To get that going you will need to bridge the wireless and vlan 1 interfaces.

global config commands:

bridge irb
bridge 1 route ip

interface config commands:

interface Dot11Radio0
no ip address
bridge-group 1

interface vlan1
no ip address
bridge-group 1

When you get the 2 interfaces bridged you should see a new BVI1 interface pop up (if not just make one by entering the below). Thats the Bridge-Group Virtual Interface that will be your 'inside' 10.0.0.254 address.

interface BVI1
ip address 10.0.0.254 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
ip virtual-reassembly


I had shipped out an 871w without setting up the wireless, only to find out I had to bridge the backside out once it came up in Boca FL on dmvpn. Luckily the Tunnel and Outside interface didn't have to get mucked with so it wasn't a show stopper.

Ahh, mediocre remote victories.

Hope this gets you up and running.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Mackieman posted:


Couple of things: Firstly, do I need both an inside and an outside NAT statement or will one suffice? I've seen configurations where there was only one NAT statement on one of the applicable interfaces but that configuration may have been different.

Secondly, when I created access-list 100, the IP subnet I specified to be permitted was 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0. Every time I enter the command, it is accepted, but when I view the configuration it has been changed to 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0. Perhaps it does that because it is the base network, but I'm not sure.

Thirdly, do I have the inside and outside NAT statements reversed? Should outside be on vlan1 and inside on FE4? I always get confused with regard to how Cisco nomenclature is assigned to traffic flow. Thanks. :shobon:

OK for one, you just need the single 'ip nat inside source list <mylist> interface fas4 overload' statement. Once this is up do a 'show ip nat translation' and you will see it working.

Second, Falz already got you on.

Third, you have it correct. The inside is your private, think of a fort. Outside is public.

Good luck, maybe your next post is through your 871.

P.S. Powercrazy posted a WPA1-PSK setup for you.
-------

On an unrelated note, had some fun with a sup720 not wanting to boot off its disk1 this morning. Invalid magic number, after new SP and RP rommon's still no dice. Then I reformatted... hadn't since the rommon upgrades, and bing! :shobon: As long as I can work from home now.

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
When in doubt, wr erase, reload and start over.

I just had to literally do a 'no ip nat inside source static <local> <global>' and then paste 'ip nat inside source static <local> <global>' for my static translations to work.

You aren't the only one having nat issues today. My xlates are working though! /snarky

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Try this for a starting point Mackie.


code:
interface FastEthernet4
 ip address dhcp
 ip access-group IN-FASTETHERNET4 in
 ip nat outside
 ip virtual-reassembly
 duplex auto
 speed auto

ip access-list extended IN-FASTETHERNET4
 permit icmp any any
 permit tcp any any established
 deny ip any any log
This should allow pings and return traffic. Once things are working you can start to get more granular.

Cheers (e: typo)

Herv fucked around with this message at 16:29 on Jul 20, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
OK, you want to make a single access-list (e.g. ip access-list extended <MyOutsideList>) and then apply it to an interface (or logic statement, like your 'IP nat inside source list').

Access list entries are processed from top to bottom, within the single access list. The router won't call another access list on inbound public traffic other than the one bound to its outside interface, for this example.

If you see the example in the one I gave you, the access-list is applied to your outside interface, on inbound traffic.

Ok so now you want to pass some traffic inside. That's going to require some more static nat statements:

ip nat inside source static tcp 10.0.0.250 80 interface FastEthernet4 80
ip nat inside source static tcp 10.0.0.250 9500 interface FastEthernet4 9500
ip nat inside source static tcp 10.0.0.250 9501 interface FastEthernet4 9501

If you are running an access-list on your outside interface (like the one I posted) then add the following lines:

code:
ip access-list extended IN-FASTETHERNET4
 10 permit icmp any any
 20 permit tcp any any established
 30 permit tcp any any eq 80
 40 permit tcp any any range 9500 9501
 99 deny ip any any log
Any time you want to add stuff to your outside access list, just pick a number between 40 and 99 for simplicity's sake.

You can get by without an outside access list, just relying on NAT to govern what gets back inside the router, but I use access lists for good habits.

e: typo like a champ

Herv fucked around with this message at 19:31 on Jul 20, 2009

Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat

Mackieman posted:

Only if I was running a DNS server inside my LAN, which I am not. DNS is handled via DHCP on the router for me.

Nope they are correct, you are going to have to pass UDP traffic for DNS and anything else like skype. No static nat statements, this is just to get into the public interface where you are getting nat'd at.

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Herv
Mar 24, 2005

Soiled Meat
Well if it helps, this is what happens on my home router (3660 from work junk room) when there is no UDP traffic allowed in this ACL:
code:
Extended IP access list IN-FASTETHERNET0
    4 permit tcp any any eq www (2319 matches)
    5 permit esp any any log (2336 matches)
    7 permit udp any any eq isakmp (464 matches)
    10 permit icmp any any (27 matches)
    12 permit udp any any log (4 matches)
    20 permit tcp any any established (5013 matches)
    30 deny ip any any log (35 matches)
With sequence number 12 gone, this is the output:

*July 20 18:23:04.578: %SEC-6-IPACCESSLOGP: list IN-FASTETHERNET0 denied udp 4.2.2.1(53) -> 96.235.180.xxx(54437), 1 packet

DNS request timed out.
timeout was 2 seconds.

Sequence number 12 back in and there you go, I can resolve https://www.cnn.com.

*July 20 18:23:56.138: %SEC-6-IPACCESSLOGP: list IN-FASTETHERNET0 permitted udp 4.2.2.1(53) -> 96.235.180.xxx(54438), 1 packet

Non-authoritative answer:
Name: https://www.cnn.com
Addresses: 157.166.255.19
157.166.224.25
157.166.224.26
157.166.226.25
157.166.226.26
157.166.255.18

Not sure if this is an ISR vs regular router thing or what to be honest. Someone else might be able to shed some light on this little mystery.

Herv fucked around with this message at 03:44 on Jul 21, 2009

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