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The verificationist criteria of meaning is itself not verifiable, and so by its own lights meaningless. This is the most common criticism of logical positivism and is usually considered the knock-down argument. Most modern ethicists have complex theories, but a very popular kind is contractualism. The classic statement is due to TM Scanlon quote:An act is wrong if its performance under the circumstances would be disallowed by any set of principles for the general regulation of behaviour that no one could reasonably reject as a basis for informed, unforced, general agreement. Now whether this works or not, or various details, is a different story, but meets the criteria you're interested in. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractualism/ is a good discussion of the view. There are many varieties of what's called moral realism, both which are naturalist and non-naturalist (in this context it basically means that moral concepts can only be explained by reference to moral concepts...this is oversimplifying but it'll do), and don't appeal to God or anything like that.
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May 19, 2016 05:54
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| # ¿ May 15, 2024 18:59 |
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